1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:140.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a mixture of 4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3-buten-2-one (i.e. the product of Step A) (8.1 g, 44.5 mmol) in ethanol (50 mL) was added methylhydrazine (2.1 g, 49 mmol). After 24 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the resulting oil (10.1 g) was added 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (65 mL) and manganese oxide (41.7 g, 480 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 140° C. for 20 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature and filtered through a pad of Celite® (diatomaceous earth) on a sintered glass frit funnel rinsing with dichloromethane (2×20 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting material was purified by MPLC (10 to 50% gradient of ethyl acetate in hexanes as eluant) to provide the title compound as a light yellow solid (4.02 g). the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure cooled to room temperature filtered through a pad of Celite® (diatomaceous earth) on a sintered glass frit funnel rinsing with dichloromethane (2×20 mL) The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure the resulting material was purified by MPLC (10 to 50% gradient of ethyl acetate in hexanes as eluant)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A solution of p-anisole (4.32 g, 50 mmol) and succinic anhydride (4.14 g, 40 mmol) were combined in 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (10 mL) and nitrobenzene (40 mL) at 4° C. Aluminum chloride (24.56 g, 180 mmol) was then added gradually. The temperature was kept at 0°-5° C. and stirred overnight. Water was added and neutralized to quench the reaction. The aqueous phase was separated and washed with ether then reacidified and washed with ether again. The ether fractions were combined, dried and evaporated. The remaining residue was purified by flash silica chromatography to yield a white solid (7.55 g, 88%). 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ7.98 (d, 3H), 6.88 (d, 2H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 3.30 (t, 2H), 2.76 (t, 2H). at 4° C was kept at 0°-5° C. to quench the reaction The aqueous phase was separated washed with ether washed with ether again dried evaporated The remaining residue was purified by flash silica chromatography

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Aluminum chloride powder (80.0 g, 600 mmol) was added in portions to a stirred mixture of tert-butylbenzene (40.0 g, 300 mmol) and succinic anhydride (26.7 g, 267 mmol) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (100 mL). After all the aluminum chloride had been added, the mixture was poured into a mixture of ice (500 mL) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (100 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with water (500 mL) and the solvent distilled off. Solid residue was dissolved in hot 15% aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (1000 mL), filtered, cooled and the acid was precipitated with hydrochloric acid (acidified to pH=1). The crude acid was filtered, dried on air and recrystalised from benzene (500 mL) to give 4-(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid as colorless crystals. The organic layer was separated washed with water (500 mL) the solvent distilled off Solid residue was dissolved in hot 15% aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (1000 mL) filtered cooled the acid was precipitated with hydrochloric acid (acidified to pH=1) The crude acid was filtered dried on air recrystalised from benzene (500 mL)