tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutanoate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:55.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 0.8 g (1.86 mmol) of 2-(4-cyanophenylaminomethyl)-1-methyl-5-[1-amino-1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl-carbonyl)-ethyl]-benzimidazole and 1.65 g ((5.5 mmol) of tert.butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate are dissolved in 5 ml of ethanol, mixed with 0.2 g (1.86 mmol) of sodium carbonate and stirred under nitrogen for 30 hours at 55° C. After cooling, the white precipitate is filtered off and washed with ethanol. The filtrate is concentrated by evaporation, the residue is chromatographed on silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate and ethyl acetate/ethanol/ammonia (20:1:0.01). The desired fractions are combined and concentrated by evaporation. After cooling the white precipitate is filtered off washed with ethanol The filtrate is concentrated by evaporation the residue is chromatographed on silica gel eluting with ethyl acetate and ethyl acetate/ethanol/ammonia (20:1:0.01) concentrated by evaporation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a flask was added potassium trimethylsilanolate (20.85 g, 146.31 mmol), 4-chloro-1H-pyrazole (15 g, 146.31 mmol) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (400 mL). The mixture was stirred for 5 min followed by the addition of tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (27.84 mL, 146.31 mmol) over a period of 20 to 30 seconds. The reaction mixture was stirred for 60 min. Potassium trimethylsilanolate (20.85 g, 146.31 mmol) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (80 mL) was added over a period of 5 min. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h before adding tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (1 mL, 5.3 mmol). After 30 min, an additional portion of tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (2 mL, 10.5 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred for 40 min before adding tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (1 mL, 5.3 mmol) and potassium trimethylsilanolate (2 g, 14 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h. Hydrochloric acid (146.31 mL, 146.31 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. The layers were separated, and the organics were washed with water (200 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure. Toluene (100 mL) was added and the mixture was concentrated to dryness to afford tert-butyl 1-(4-chloro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)cyclopropanecarboxylate (45 g). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.57 (q, 2H), 1.75 (q, 2H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s, 1H); MS (EI+) (M+) 242; GCMS retention time: 2.37 minutes (Method O). The reaction mixture was stirred for 60 min The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h After 30 min The mixture was stirred for 40 min The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h the mixture was stirred for 5 min The layers were separated the organics were washed with water (200 mL) concentrated under reduced pressure Toluene (100 mL) was added the mixture was concentrated to dryness

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a flask was added potassium trimethylsilanolate (20.85 g, 146.31 mmol), 4-chloro-1H-pyrazole (15 g, 146.31 mmol) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (400 mL). The mixture was stirred for 5 min followed by the addition of tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (27.84 mL, 146.31 mmol) over a period of 20 to 30 seconds. The reaction mixture was stirred for 60 min. Potassium trimethylsilanolate (20.85 g, 146.31 mmol) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (80 mL) was added over a period of 5 min. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h before adding tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (1 mL, 5.3 mmol). After 30 min, an additional portion of tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (2 mL, 10.5 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred for 40 min before adding tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (1 mL, 5.3 mmol) and potassium trimethylsilanolate (2 g, 14 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h. Hydrochloric acid (146.31 mL, 146.31 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. The layers were separated, and the organics were washed with water (200 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure. Toluene (100 mL) was added and the mixture was concentrated to dryness to afford tert-butyl 1-(4-chloro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)cyclopropanecarboxylate (45 g). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.57 (q, 2H), 1.75 (q, 2H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s, 1H); MS (EI+) (M+) 242; GCMS retention time: 2.37 minutes (Method O). The reaction mixture was stirred for 60 min The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h After 30 min The mixture was stirred for 40 min The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 h the mixture was stirred for 5 min The layers were separated the organics were washed with water (200 mL) concentrated under reduced pressure Toluene (100 mL) was added the mixture was concentrated to dryness

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a 25 mL round bottom flask were added sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil, 164.3 mg, 4.1 mmol) and anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (8 mL). The mixture was cooled with an ice-water bath before a solution of 4-methylpyrazole (204.2 mg, 2.487 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred in the ice-water bath for 30 minutes before tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutanoate (0.48 mL, 2.2 mmol) was added dropwise at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 minutes and then at room temperature for 18 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and water and ethyl acetate were added to the residue. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified via flash chromatography (0-50% ethyl acetate in heptanes) to afford tert-butyl 1-(4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)cyclopropanecarboxylate (218 mg, 44%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 1.33 (s, 9H), 1.45-1.51 (m, 2H), 1.61-1.67 (m, 2H)H), 1.98-2.01 (m, 3H)H), 7.21 (s, 1H), 7.23-7.26 (m, 1H). was added was added dropwise at 0° C at room temperature for 18 h The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and water and ethyl acetate were added to the residue The layers were separated the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) The combined organics were dried over magnesium sulfate filtered concentrated under reduced pressure The crude material was purified via flash chromatography (0-50% ethyl acetate in heptanes)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Bromine (31.3 ml, 0.54 mol) was added dropwise over 4 h at 100° C. to neat stirring 4-bromobutyryl chloride (100 g, 0.54 mol). The resulting acid chloride was cooled then added dropwise at 0° C. to a stirred solution of tert-butanol (240 ml) and triethylamine (64 ml, 0,461 mol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (600 ml). 2 M Hydrochloric acid was added and the layers separated. The organic portion was then washed sequentially with 10% sodium metabisulphite solution (2×500 ml), water (500 ml) and brine (500 ml), dried (MgSO4) and evaporated in vacuo to provide the title compound (120 g, 86%) as a brown liquid. the layers separated The organic portion was then washed sequentially with 10% sodium metabisulphite solution (2×500 ml), water (500 ml) and brine (500 ml) dried (MgSO4) evaporated in vacuo

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Bromine (31.3 ml, 0.54 mol) was added dropwise over 4 h at 100° C. to neat stirring 4-bromobutyryl chloride (100 g, 0.54 mol). The resulting acid chloride was cooled then added dropwise at 0° C. to a stirred solution of tert-butanol (240 ml) and triethylamine (64 ml, 0,461 mol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (600 ml). 2 M Hydrochloric acid was added and the layers separated. The organic portion was then washed sequentially with 10% sodium metabisulphite solution (2×500 ml), water (500 ml) and brine (500 ml), dried (MgSO4) and evaporated in vacuo to provide the title compound (120 g, 86%) as a brown liquid. the layers separated The organic portion was then washed sequentially with 10% sodium metabisulphite solution (2×500 ml), water (500 ml) and brine (500 ml) dried (MgSO4) evaporated in vacuo

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of N4-[(trans-4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]-5-nitro-N2-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl]-pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (300 mg, 0.69 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) were added t-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (322 μL, 1.5 mmol) and DIPEA (297 μL), 1.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 9 h. The reaction mixture was then diluted with EtOAc and washed with 1M Na2CO3, water (×4) and brine. The organic phase was then dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel preparative TLC using 98:2 CH2Cl2:MeOH as an eluent to afford 116 mg of 1-(trans-4-{[(5-nitro-2-{[2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl)amino]methyl}cyclohexyl)azetidine-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester. washed with 1M Na2CO3, water (×4) and brine The organic phase was then dried over Na2SO4 concentrated The resulting residue was purified by silica gel preparative TLC

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Bromine (31.3 ml, 0.54 mol) was added dropwise over 4h at 100° C. to neat stirring 4-bromobutyryl chloride (100 g, 0.54 mol). The resulting acid chloride was cooled then added dropwise at 0° C. to a stirred solution of tert-butanol (240 ml) and triethylamine (64 ml, 0,461 mol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (600 ml). 2M Hydrochloric acid was added and the layers separated. The organic portion was then washed sequentially with 10% sodium metabisulphite solution (2×500 ml), water (500 ml) and brine (500 ml), dried (MgSO4) and evaporated in vacuo to provide the title compound (120 g, 86%) as a brown liquid. the layers separated The organic portion was then washed sequentially with 10% sodium metabisulphite solution (2×500 ml), water (500 ml) and brine (500 ml) dried (MgSO4) evaporated in vacuo

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Bis(phenylmethyl) 1,2-hydrazinedicarboxylate (5.91 g, 19.68 mmol) was placed in a 500 ml round bottomed flask and acetonitrile (150 ml) was added followed by cesium carbonate (14.11 g, 43.3 mmol). 1,1-Dimethylethyl 2,4-dibromobutanoate (4.00 ml, 19.68 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction was heated to 60° C. and stirred overnight. The resulting solution was cooled to room temperature and passed through a pad of celite. The filtrate was concentrated and purified via combiflash silica gel chromatography (0-100% EtOAC in hex) yielding 3-(1,1-dimethylethyl) 1,2-bis(phenylmethyl) 1,2,3-pyrazolidinetricarboxylate (5.3 g, 12.03 mmol, 61.1% yield) as a pale yellow oil. The resulting solution was cooled to room temperature The filtrate was concentrated purified via combiflash silica gel chromatography (0-100% EtOAC in hex)

Conditions: temp:50.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A solution of bis(benzyloxycarbonyl)hydrazine (2.65 g, 8.83 mol) in acetonitrile (30 L) was charged into 100 L-reactor. Cesium carbonate (6.00 kg, 18.4 mol) and tert-butyl 2,4-dibromobutyrate (2.65 kg, 8.83 mol) were added into the above solution. The mixture solution was heated at 50° C. for 2.5 h until the two starting materials were completely consumed. The mixture solution was cooled to room temperature. A filtration was performed to remove some undissolved materials. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum to afford product (4000 g crude product) as a brown oil. were completely consumed The mixture solution was cooled to room temperature A filtration to remove some undissolved materials The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum