2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropan-1-ol

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methyl chloroformate (130 mL, 159 g, 1.68 mol) was added slowly over a period of 3 h to a solution of 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol (132 g, 1.00 mol) in pyridine (300 mL, anhydrous) at −10° C. to 0° C. with magnetic stirring. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Then, the reaction mixture was mixed with 5% HCl (500 mL) and approximately 50 g of ice, and the resulting mixture was extracted three times with 300 mL portions of ether. The combined organic layer was washed three times with 100 mL portions of 5% HCl, followed by two washes with 100 mL portions of 5% sodium carbonate. The organic phase was then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Ether was removed by rotary evaporation. The crude product (approximately 200 g) was distilled, yielding 166 g (87% yield) of pure methyl 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl carbonate, also referred to herein as “FS-C”. NMR analysis data were consistent with the literature values (U.S. Pat. No. 5,659,062). the resulting mixture was extracted three times with 300 mL portions of ether The combined organic layer was washed three times with 100 mL portions of 5% HCl The organic phase was then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate Ether was removed by rotary evaporation The crude product (approximately 200 g) was distilled

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: After 840 mg (19.3 mmol) of 55% sodium hydride were washed with hexane, it was suspended in 40 ml of dimethylformamide, and 3.00 g (22.7 mmol) of 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol were gradually added to the suspension at 0° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. When generation of hydrogen gas stopped a solution in which 3.40 g (18.3 mmol) of ethyl 6-chloronicotinate was dissolved in 15 ml of dimethylformamide was added dropwise to the resulting mixture at the same temperature for about 30 minutes. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and the reaction mixture was poured into ice-water, followed by extraction with benzene. After the extract was dried, the solvent was distilled off and the thus obtained oil was purified over column chromatography [eluted with a mixed solvent of benzene-hexane (1:1)] using silica gel to obtain 4.42 g (yield: 86%) of the title compound as an oil. was added dropwise to the resulting mixture at the same temperature for about 30 minutes After the dropwise addition followed by extraction with benzene After the extract was dried the solvent was distilled off the thus obtained oil was purified over column chromatography [ eluted with a mixed solvent of benzene-hexane (1:1)]

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: After 840 mg (19.3 mmol) of 55% sodium hydride were washed with hexane, it was suspended in 40 ml of dimethylformamide, and 3.00 g (22.7 mmol) of 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol were gradually added to the suspension at 0° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. When generation of hydrogen gas stopped, a solution in which 3.40 g (18.3 mmol) of ethyl 6-chloronicotinate was dissolved in 15 ml of dimethylformamide was added dropwise to the resulting mixture at the same temperature for about 30 minutes. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes and the reaction mixture was poured into ice-water, followed by extraction with benzene. After the extract was dried, the solvent was distilled off and the thus obtained oil was purified over column chromatography [eluted with a mixed solvent of benzene-hexane (1:1)] using silica gel to obtain 4.42 g (yield: 86%) of the title compound as an oil. was added dropwise to the resulting mixture at the same temperature for about 30 minutes After the dropwise addition followed by extraction with benzene After the extract was dried the solvent was distilled off the thus obtained oil was purified over column chromatography [ eluted with a mixed solvent of benzene-hexane (1:1)]

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir: