methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (39.4 g, 184 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (“DCM”; 500 mL) and treated with triethylamine (“TEA”; 64.0 mL, 459 mmol). The solution was cooled to 0° C. and slowly treated with MsCl (15.6 mL, 202 mmol), then allowed to stir for 30 minutes to completion by TLC analysis. The solution was partitioned with 1N HCl solution, and the aqueous layer was extracted once with DCM. The combined organic layer was washed once more with 1N HCl solution, separated, washed with diluted NaHCO3 solution, and separated. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The residue was loaded onto a large fritted filter with a plug of silica gel and eluted with 9:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate affording the pure desired product by TLC analysis. The concentrated pure fractions yielded the methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylate as an oil (30.8 g, 85%). This methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylate (500 mg, 2.54 mmol) was added as a solution in THF (1.35 mL) to a stirring solution of i-PrNH2 (217 μL, 2.54 mmol) in THF (5.0 mL) at 0° C. The reaction was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight to completion by LCMS analysis. The Boc2O (584 μL, 2.54 mmol) was added to the stirring amine via pipet. The reaction was allowed to stir overnight to completion by LCMS and TLC analysis of the mixture. The solution was concentrated in vacuo to afford methyl 3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl(isopropyl)amino)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate as an oil (854 mg, 94%). LC/MS (APCI+) m/z 256.1 [M-Boc]+. The solution was partitioned with 1N HCl solution the aqueous layer was extracted once with DCM The combined organic layer was washed once more with 1N HCl solution separated washed with diluted NaHCO3 solution separated The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 filtered concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil eluted with 9:1 hexanes

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate (36.7 g, 199 mmol) and paraformaldehyde (6.27 g, 209 mmol) were dissolved/suspended in DMSO (400 mL) and treated with NaOMe (537 mg, 9.94 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 2 hours to completion by thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) analysis of the crude. The reaction was poured into ice-cold water (700 mL; white emulsion) and neutralized with the addition of 1M HCl solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×), and the organics were combined. The organic layer was washed with water (2×), brine (1×), separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product as an oil. The residue was loaded onto a large fritted filtered with silica gel and eluted with 9:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate until the starting material/olefin were collected. The plug was then eluted with 1:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate until the pure desired product was eluted completely. The concentrated pure fractions yielded methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate as an oil (39.4 g, 92%). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) The organic layer was washed with water (2×), brine (1×) separated dried over MgSO4 filtered concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product as an oil eluted with 9:1 hexanes ethyl acetate until the starting material/olefin were collected The plug was then eluted with 1:1 hexanes ethyl acetate until the pure desired product was eluted completely

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 5 g of methyl α-(hydroxymethyl)-4-chlorophenylacetate and 3.5 g of methanesulphonyl chloride in 30 ml of anhydrous diethyl ether, cooled at 0° C., a solution of 2.6 g of triethylamine in 10 ml of anhydrous diethyl ether is added dropwise. The temperature is allowed to rise again to room temperature, the reaction mixture is poured into water and is extracted with diethyl ether. The ether solution, washed with water, and dried over Na2SO4, is concentrated under vacuum, to yield 7.2 g of raw product. By crystallization thereof from 5 ml of ethanol, 5.4 g of a white solid product (m.p. 77°-8° C.) is obtained, having the structure indicated in the title of this example. to rise again to room temperature is extracted with diethyl ether The ether solution, washed with water dried over Na2SO4 is concentrated under vacuum to yield 7.2 g of raw product By crystallization

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A stirring solution of methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate (36.7 g, 199 mmol) (From Example 1, Step 1) and paraformaldehyde (6.27 g, 209 mmol) in DMSO (400 mL) was treated with sodium methoxide (537 mg, 9.94 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was allowed to stir for two hours to completion and then poured into ice-cold water (700 mL) forming a white emulsion. The quench was neutralized with the addition of 1M HCl solution, and the aqueous was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic portions were washed with water (2×), then brine, dried over MgSO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was filtered through a plug of silica gel eluted stepwise with 9:1 to 1:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate to afford the pure methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (39.4 g, 92%) as a colorless oil. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 7.32 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.82 (m, 2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 2.25 (m, 1H). forming a white emulsion the aqueous was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) The combined organic portions were washed with water (2×) brine, dried over MgSO4 concentrated in vacuo The residue was filtered through a plug of silica gel eluted stepwise with 9:1 to 1:1 hexanes

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A stirring solution of methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate (36.7 g, 199 mmol) (From Example 1, Step 1) and paraformaldehyde (6.27 g, 209 mmol) in DMSO (400 mL) was treated with sodium methoxide (537 mg, 9.94 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was allowed to stir for two hours to completion and then poured into ice-cold water (700 mL) forming a white emulsion. The quench was neutralized with the addition of 1M HCl solution, and the aqueous was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic portions were washed with water (2×), then brine, dried over MgSO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was filtered through a plug of silica gel eluted stepwise with 9:1 to 1:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate to afford the pure methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (39.4 g, 92%) as a colorless oil. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 7.32 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.82 (m, 2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 2.25 (m, 1H). forming a white emulsion the aqueous was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) The combined organic portions were washed with water (2×) brine, dried over MgSO4 concentrated in vacuo The residue was filtered through a plug of silica gel eluted stepwise with 9:1 to 1:1 hexanes

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (39.4 g, 184 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (500 mL) and treated with TEA (64.0 mL, 459 mmol). The solution was cooled to 0° C. and slowly treated with MsCl (15.6 mL, 202 mmol), then allowed to stir for 30 minutes to completion by TLC analysis. The solution was partitioned with 1N HCl solution, and the aqueous layer was extracted once with DCM. The combined organic layer washed once more with 1N HCl solution, separated, washed with diluted NaHCO3 solution, and separated. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford an orange oil. The residue was loaded onto a large fritted filter with a plug of silica gel and eluted with 9:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate affording the pure desired product by TLC analysis. The concentrated pure fractions yielded the methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylate as a colorless oil (30.8 g, 85%). This methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylate (500 mg, 2.54 mmol) was added as a solution in THF (1.35 mL) to a stirring solution of i-PrNH2 (217 uL, 2.54 mmol) in THF (5.0 mL) at 0° C. The reaction was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight to completion by LCMS analysis. The Boc2O (584 uL, 2.54 mmol) was added to the stirring amine via pipet. The reaction was allowed to stir overnight to completion by LCMS and TLC analysis of the mixture. The solution was concentrated in vacuo to afford methyl 3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl(isopropyl)amino)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate as a colorless oil (854 mg, 94%). LC/MS (APCI+) m/z 256.1 [M-Boc]+. The solution was partitioned with 1N HCl solution the aqueous layer was extracted once with DCM The combined organic layer washed once more with 1N HCl solution separated washed with diluted NaHCO3 solution separated The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 filtered concentrated in vacuo to afford an orange oil eluted with 9:1 hexanes

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate (36.7 g, 199 mmol) and paraformaldehyde (6.27 g, 209 mmol) were dissolved/suspended in DMSO (400 mL) and treated with NaOMe (537 mg, 9.94 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 2 hours to completion by TLC analysis of the crude. The reaction was poured into ice-cold water (700 mL; white emulsion) and neutralized with the addition of 1M HCl solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×), and the organics were combined. The organic layer washed with water (2×), brine (1×), separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product as a yellow oil. The residue was loaded onto a large fritted filtered with silica gel and eluted with 9:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate until the starting material/olefin were collected. The plug was then eluted with 1:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate until the pure desired product was eluted completely. The concentrated pure fractions yielded methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate as a colorless oil (39.4 g, 92%). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) The organic layer washed with water (2×), brine (1×) separated dried over MgSO4 filtered concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product as a yellow oil eluted with 9:1 hexanes ethyl acetate until the starting material/olefin were collected The plug was then eluted with 1:1 hexanes ethyl acetate until the pure desired product was eluted completely

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A stirring solution of methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate (36.7 g, 199 mmol) (From Example 1, Step 1) and paraformaldehyde (6.27 g, 209 mmol) in DMSO (400 mL) was treated with sodium methoxide (537 mg, 9.94 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was allowed to stir for two hours to completion and then poured into ice-cold water (700 mL) forming a white emulsion. The quench was neutralized with the addition of 1M HCl solution, and the aqueous was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×). The combined organic portions were washed with water (2×), then brine, dried over MgSO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was filtered through a plug of silica gel eluted stepwise with 9:1 to 1:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate to afford the pure methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (39.4 g, 92%) as a colorless oil. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 7.32 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.82 (m, 2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 2.25 (m, 1H). forming a white emulsion the aqueous was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) The combined organic portions were washed with water (2×) brine, dried over MgSO4 concentrated in vacuo The residue was filtered through a plug of silica gel eluted stepwise with 9:1 to 1:1 hexanes

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (39.4 g, 184 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (500 mL) and treated with TEA (64.0 mL, 459 mmol). The solution was cooled to 0° C. and slowly treated with MsCl (15.6 mL, 202 mmol), then allowed to stir for 30 minutes to completion by TLC analysis. The solution was partitioned with 1N HCl solution, and the aqueous layer was extracted once with DCM. The combined organic layer was washed once more with 1N HCl solution, separated, washed with diluted NaHCO3 solution, and separated. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford an orange oil. The residue was loaded onto a large fritted filter with a plug of silica gel and eluted with 9:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate affording the pure desired product by TLC analysis. The concentrated pure fractions yielded the methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylate as a colorless oil (30.8 g, 85%). This methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylate (500 mg, 2.54 mmol) was added as a solution in THF (1.35 mL) to a stirring solution of i-PrNH2 (217 uL, 2.54 mmol) in THF (5.0 mL) at 0° C. The reaction was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight to completion by LCMS analysis. The Boc2O (584 uL, 2.54 mmol) was added to the stirring amine via pipet. The reaction was allowed to stir overnight to completion by LCMS and TLC analysis of the mixture. The solution was concentrated in vacuo to afford methyl 3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl(isopropyl)amino)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate as a colorless oil (854 mg, 94%). LC/MS (APCI+) m/z 256.1 [M−Boc]+. The solution was partitioned with 1N HCl solution the aqueous layer was extracted once with DCM The combined organic layer was washed once more with 1N HCl solution separated washed with diluted NaHCO3 solution separated The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 filtered concentrated in vacuo to afford an orange oil eluted with 9:1 hexanes

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate (36.7 g, 199 mmol) and paraformaldehyde (6.27 g, 209 mmol) were dissolved/suspended in DMSO (400 mL) and treated with NaOMe (537 mg, 9.94 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 2 hours to completion by TLC analysis of the crude. The reaction was poured into ice-cold water (700 mL; white emulsion) and neutralized with the addition of 1M HCl solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×), and the organics were combined. The organic layer was washed with water (2×), brine (1×), separated, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product as a yellow oil. The residue was loaded onto a large fritted filtered with silica gel and eluted with 9:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate until the starting material/olefin were collected. The plug was then eluted with 1:1 hexanes:ethyl acetate until the pure desired product was eluted completely. The concentrated pure fractions yielded methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoate as a colorless oil (39.4 g, 92%). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×) The organic layer was washed with water (2×), brine (1×) separated dried over MgSO4 filtered concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product as a yellow oil eluted with 9:1 hexanes ethyl acetate until the starting material/olefin were collected The plug was then eluted with 1:1 hexanes ethyl acetate until the pure desired product was eluted completely