ethyl (2S)-2-phenylpropanoate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution consisting of (S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid (1.0 g, 6.7 mmol, from Chem-Impex) in ethanol (30 mL) was added concentrated sulfuric acid (4 drops). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser. To the mixture was added solid sodium bicarbonate and the resulting mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford the title compound (1.0 g, 84%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.5 (solvent system: 15:85:1 v/v/v ethyl acetate-heptane-acetic acid). The product was carried directly onto the next step without further purification. at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser the resulting mixture was filtered concentrated under vacuum

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirring solution consisting of dimethyl methylphosphonate (1.392 g, 11.22 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at −78° C. was slowly added n-butyllithium solution (6.6 mL, 11 mmol, 1.6 M solution in hexane). The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, after which time a mixture consisting of (S)-ethyl 2-phenylpropanoate (1.0 g, 5.6 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was slowly added, and the mixture stirred at −78° C. for two hours before being allowed to rise to room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was treated with 5% aqueous KHSO4 and extracted with ethyl acetate three times. The combined organic layer was twice washed with a solution of 50:50 water-brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography. Elution with ethyl acetate-heptane (80:20 v/v) afforded the title compound (1.03 g, 72%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.4 (solvent system 80:20 v/v ethyl acetate-heptane); MS (ESI+) m/z 257.1 (M+H)+; 1H NMR (CD3OD) δ 7.37-7.22 (m, 5H), 4.01 (q, J=6.71 Hz, 1H), 3.74-3.69 (m, 6H), 3.27-3.2 (m, 1H), 3.09-2.97 (m, 1H), 1.37-1.34 (m, 3H); [α]Tλ=α/cl, [α]21.9D=0.946/(0.01859 g/1.5 mL)(0.5)=+152.6° (c=1.24, CHCl3). was slowly added the mixture stirred at −78° C. for two hours to rise to room temperature overnight extracted with ethyl acetate three times The combined organic layer was twice washed with a solution of 50:50 water-brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated under vacuum The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography Elution with ethyl acetate-heptane (80:20 v/v)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution consisting of (S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid (1.0 g, 6.7 mmol, from Chem-Impex) in ethanol (30 mL) was added concentrated sulfuric acid (4 drops). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser. To the mixture was added solid sodium bicarbonate and the resulting mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford the title compound (1.0 g, 84%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.5 (solvent system: 15:85:1 v/v/v ethyl acetate-heptane-acetic acid). The product was carried directly onto the next step without further purification. at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser the resulting mixture was filtered concentrated under vacuum

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirring solution consisting of dimethyl methylphosphonate (1.392 g, 11.22 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at −78° C. was slowly added n-butyllithium solution (6.6 mL, 11 mmol, 1.6 M solution in hexane). The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, after which time a mixture consisting of (S)-ethyl 2-phenylpropanoate (1.0 g, 5.6 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was slowly added, and the mixture stirred at −78° C. for two hours before being allowed to rise to room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was treated with 5% aqueous KHSO4 and extracted with ethyl acetate three times. The combined organic layer was twice washed with a solution of 50:50 water-brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography. Elution with ethyl acetate-heptane (80:20 v/v) afforded the title compound (1.03 g, 72%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.4 (solvent system 80:20 v/v ethyl acetate-heptane); MS (ESI+) m/z 257.1 (M+H)+; 1H NMR (CD3OD) δ 7.37-7.22 (m, 5H), 4.01 (q, J=6.71 Hz, 1H), 3.74-3.69 (m, 6H), 3.27-3.2 (m, 1H), 3.09-2.97 (m, 1H), 1.37-1.34 (m, 3H); [α]Tλ=α/cl, [α]21.9D=0.946/(0.01859 g/1.5 mL)(0.5)=+152.6° (c=1.24, CHCl3). was slowly added the mixture stirred at −78° C. for two hours to rise to room temperature overnight extracted with ethyl acetate three times The combined organic layer was twice washed with a solution of 50:50 water-brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated under vacuum The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography Elution with ethyl acetate-heptane (80:20 v/v)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution consisting of (S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid (1.0 g, 6.7 mmol, from Chem-Impex) in ethanol (30 mL) was added concentrated sulfuric acid (4 drops). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser. To the mixture was added solid sodium bicarbonate and the resulting mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford the title compound (1.0 g, 84%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.5 (solvent system: 15:85:1 v/v/v ethyl acetate-heptane-acetic acid). The product was carried directly onto the next step without further purification. at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser the resulting mixture was filtered concentrated under vacuum

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution consisting of (S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid (1.0 g, 6.7 mmol, from Chem-Impex) in ethanol (30 mL) was added concentrated sulfuric acid (4 drops). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser. To the mixture was added solid sodium bicarbonate and the resulting mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford the title compound (1.0 g, 84%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.5 (solvent system: 15:85:1 v/v/v ethyl acetate-heptane-acetic acid). The product was carried directly onto the next step without further purification. at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser the resulting mixture was filtered concentrated under vacuum

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirring solution consisting of dimethyl methylphosphonate (1.392 g, 11.22 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at −78° C. was slowly added n-butyllithium solution (6.6 mL, 11 mmol, 1.6 M solution in hexane). The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, after which time a mixture consisting of (S)-ethyl 2-phenylpropanoate (1.0 g, 5.6 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was slowly added, and the mixture stirred at −78° C. for two hours before being allowed to rise to room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was treated with 5% aqueous KHSO4 and extracted with ethyl acetate three times. The combined organic layer was twice washed with a solution of 50:50 water-brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography. Elution with ethyl acetate-heptane (80:20 v/v) afforded the title compound (1.03 g, 72%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.4 (solvent system 80:20 v/v ethyl acetate-heptane); MS (ESI+) m/z 257.1 (M+H)+; 1H NMR (CD3OD) δ 7.37-7.22 (m, 5H), 4.01 (q, J=6.71 Hz, 1H), 3.74-3.69 (m, 6H), 3.27-3.2 (m, 1H), 3.09-2.97 (m, 1H), 1.37-1.34 (m, 3H); [α]Tλ=α/cl, [α]21.9D=0.946/(0.01859 g/1.5 mL)(0.5)=+152.6° (c=1.24, CHCl3). was slowly added the mixture stirred at −78° C. for two hours to rise to room temperature overnight extracted with ethyl acetate three times The combined organic layer was twice washed with a solution of 50:50 water-brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated under vacuum The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography Elution with ethyl acetate-heptane (80:20 v/v)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution consisting of (S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid (1.0 g, 6.7 mmol, from Chem-Impex) in ethanol (30 mL) was added concentrated sulfuric acid (4 drops). The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser. To the mixture was added solid sodium bicarbonate and the resulting mixture was filtered and concentrated under vacuum to afford the title compound (1.0 g, 84%) as a colorless oil; TLC Rf 0.5 (solvent system: 15:85:1 v/v/v ethyl acetate-heptane-acetic acid). The product was carried directly onto the next step without further purification. at reflux overnight in a vessel equipped with a Dean-Stark condenser the resulting mixture was filtered concentrated under vacuum