4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanenitrile

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 48 g (0.40 mole) of 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile, 52 g (0.080 mole) of sodium azide, 4.8 g of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, 250 ml of chloroform and 100 ml of water was stirred while heating under reflux for 32 hr. The organic layer was separated and set aside. The aqueous layer was saturated with 4.8 g of potassium carbonate and then extracted three times with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride extracts were combined with the above organic layer and the solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and the mixture was filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to give a brown oil weighing 49.46 g, a 98% yield based on the crude. Proton NMR showed signals for the desired product and a small amount of tetra-n-butylammonium salt: (CDCl3, ppm): 7.20 (singlet, chloroform), 4.35 to 3.90 (pentet, methine proton of product), 3.85 (singlet, hydroxyl proton of product), 3.45 (doublet, methylene protons next to the azide group of the product), 2.60 (doublet, methylene protons next to the cyano group of the product), 3.25 to 2.85 and 1.90 to 0.80 (multiplets, signals from about 4% of tetra-n-butylammonium salt). while heating under reflux for 32 hr The organic layer was separated extracted three times with methylene chloride the solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate the mixture was filtered The filtrate was evaporated to give a brown oil

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 48 g (0.40 mole) of 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile, 52 g (0.080 mole) of sodium azide, 4.8 g of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, 250 ml of chloroform and 100 ml of water was stirred while heating under reflux for 32 hr. The organic layer was separated and set aside. The aqueous layer was saturated with 4.8 g of potassium carbonate and then extracted three times with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride extracts were combined with the above organic layer and the solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and the mixture was filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to give a brown oil weighing 49.46 g, a 98% yield based on the crude. Proton NMR showed signals for the desired product and a small amount of tetra-n-butylammonium salt: (CDCl3, ppm): 7.20 (singlet, chloroform), 4.35 to 3.90 (pentet, methine proton of product), 3.85 (singlet, hydroxyl proton of product), 3.45 (doublet, methylene protons next to the azide group of the product), 2.60 (doublet, methylene protons next to the cyano group of the product), 3.25 to 2.85 and 1.90 to 0.80 (multiplets, signals from about 4% of tetra-n-butylammonium salt). while heating under reflux for 32 hr The organic layer was separated extracted three times with methylene chloride the solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate the mixture was filtered The filtrate was evaporated to give a brown oil

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:90.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of tert-butyl 1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate (4.65 g, 23.2 mmol) and 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanenitrile (2.0 g, 17 mmol) in ethanol (40 mL) was added sodium bicarbonate (2.1 g, 25 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 19 hours. After cooling to room temperature, ethanol was evaporated. The remaining mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water and brine. The organic was dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column (0% to 10% methanol/DCM) to give the desired product as yellow oil (3.2 g, 68%). LCMS calculated for C14H26N3O3(M+H)+: m/z=284.1. After cooling to room temperature ethanol was evaporated The remaining mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate washed with water and brine The organic was dried over MgSO4 filtered concentrated The residue was purified by silica gel column (0% to 10% methanol/DCM)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 48 g (0.40 mole) of 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile, 52 g (0.080 mole) of sodium azide, 4.8 g of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, 250 ml of chloroform and 100 ml of water was stirred while heating under reflux for 32 hr. The organic layer was separated and set aside. The aqueous layer was saturated with 4.8 g of potassium carbonate and then extracted three times with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride extracts were combined with the above organic layer and the solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and the mixture was filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to give a brown oil weighing 49.46 g, a 98% yield based on the crude. Proton NMR showed signals for the desired product and a small amount of tetra-n-butylammonium salt: (CDCl3, ppm): 7.20 (singlet, chloroform), 4.35 to 3.90 (pentet, methine proton of product), 3.85 (singlet, hydroxyl proton of product), 3.45 (doublet, methylene protons next to the azide group of the product), 2.60 (doublet, methylene protons next to the cyano group of the product), 3.25 to 2.85 and 1.90 to 0.80 (multiplets, signals from about 4% of tetra-n-butylammonium salt). while heating under reflux for 32 hr The organic layer was separated extracted three times with methylene chloride the solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate the mixture was filtered The filtrate was evaporated to give a brown oil

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir: