7,8-difluoro-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To 1.13 g of (-)-7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-[1,4]benzoxazine was added 1.58 g of diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate, and the mixture was stirred at 130° to 140° C. for 70 minutes. The reaction mixture was subjected as such to column chromatography using 50 g of silica gel and eluted with chloroform to obtain 2.47 g of diethyl [(-)-7,8-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-[1,4]benzoxazin-4-yl]methylenemalonate. This product was dissolved in 5 ml of acetic anhydride, and 10 ml of a mixture of acetic anhydride and concentrated sulfuric acid (2/1 by volume) with stirring under ice-cooling, followed by stirring at 50° to 60° C. for 40 minutes. To the reaction mixture were added ice and an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, and the reaction product was extracted three times with 150 ml portions of chloroform. The combined extract was washed with water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. When a solid began to precipitate, a small amount of diethyl ether was added thereto, and the precipitate was collected by filtration. The precipitate was washed with a small amount of diethyl ether to yield 1.32 g of (-)-ethyl 9,10-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylate. eluted with chloroform

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A method for the preparation of 7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-1,4-benzoxazine either as the optically active s-(-)-7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-1,4-benzoxazine or the racemic mixture. The process of the invention comprises the reaction of 2,3,4-trifluoroaniline or trifluoronitrobenzene with hydroxyacetone or a hydroxyacetone derivative under reducing condition to yield N-(3-hydroxy-2-propyl)-2,3,4-trifluoroaniline derivative. The N-(3-hydroxy-2-propyl)-2,3,4-trifluoroaniline is treated with base to yield the benzoxazine intermediate.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A method for the preparation of 7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-1,4-benzoxazine either as the optically active s-(-)-7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-1,4-benzoxazine or the racemic mixture. The process of the invention comprises the reaction of 2,3,4-trifluoroaniline or trifluoronitrobenzene with hydroxyacetone or a hydroxyacetone derivative under reducing condition to yield N-(3-hydroxy-2-propyl)-2,3,4-trifluoroaniline derivative. The N-(3-hydroxy-2-propyl)-2,3,4-trifluoroaniline is treated with base to yield the benzoxazine intermediate.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Hayakawa's method of preparation of Ofloxacin is described in EP 0047005A1 and starts with 2,3,4-trifluoronitrobenzene which is converted to the 2-hydroxy-3,4-difluoronitrobenzene in dimethylsulfoxide in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The yield for this reaction is only 29%. The low yield of this step limits the overall yield of Hayakawa's process. Other patents cite the use of this material in their routes to Ofloxacin; e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 5,136,059 and EP 0333815 A2. The 2-hydroxy-3,4 difluoronitrobenzene is converted to 2-acetonyloxy-3,4-difluoronitro-benzene which is reductively ring closed to give an isomeric mixture of 7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-1,4-benzoxazine (Formula 1). This material is converted to diethyl-(7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl 4H 1,4 benzoxazinyl) methylenemalonate by reaction with diethylethoxymethylenamalonate. Cyclization of this malonate ester in ethylpolyphosphate gives (+,-)-ethyl 9,10-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylate. This benzoxazine carboxylate ester is then hydrolyzed to the corresponding acid. The acid is reacted with N-methylpiperazine in dimethylsulfoxide to form Ofloxacin, 9-fluoro-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid. The reaction sequence is shown below: ##STR1## The yield for this reaction closed to give

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Hayakawa's method of preparation of Ofloxacin is described in EP 0047005A1 and starts with 2,3,4-trifluoronitrobenzene which is converted to the 2-hydroxy-3,4-difluoronitrobenzene in dimethylsulfoxide in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The yield for this reaction is only 29%. The low yield of this step limits the overall yield of Hayakawa's process. Other patents cite the use of this material in their routes to Ofloxacin; e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 5,136,059 and EP 0333815 A2. The 2-hydroxy-3,4 difluoronitrobenzene is converted to 2-acetonyloxy-3,4-difluoronitro-benzene which is reductively ring closed to give an isomeric mixture of 7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-1,4-benzoxazine (Formula 1). This material is converted to diethyl-(7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl 4H 1,4 benzoxazinyl) methylenemalonate by reaction with diethylethoxymethylenamalonate. Cyclization of this malonate ester in ethylpolyphosphate gives (+,-)-ethyl 9,10-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylate. This benzoxazine carboxylate ester is then hydrolyzed to the corresponding acid. The acid is reacted with N-methylpiperazine in dimethylsulfoxide to form Ofloxacin, 9-fluoro-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid. The reaction sequence is shown below: ##STR1## The yield for this reaction closed to give

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To 1.13 g of (-)-7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-[1,4]benzoxazine was added 1.5 g of diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate, and the mixture was stirred at 130° to 140° C. for 70 minutes. The reaction mixture was subjected as such to column chromatography using 50 g of silica gel and eluted with chloroform to obtain 2.47 g of diethyl [(-)-7,8-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-[1,4]benzoxazin-4-yl]methylenemalonate. This product was dissolved in 5 ml of acetic anhydride, and 10 ml of a mixture of acetic anhydride and concentrated sulfuric acid (2/1 by volume) with stirring under ice-cooling, followed by stirring at 50° to 60° C. for 40 minutes. To the reaction mixture were added ice and an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, and the reaction product was extracted three times with 150 ml portions of chloroform. The combined extract was washed with water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. When a solid began to precipitate, a small amount of diethyl ether was added thereto, and the precipitate was collected by filtration. The precipitate was washed with a small amount of diethyl ether to yield 1.32 g of (-)-ethyl 9,10-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylate. eluted with chloroform

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To 1.13 g of (-)-7,8-difluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-4H-[1,4]benzoxazine was added 1.5 g of diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate, and the mixture was stirred at 130° to 140° C. for 70 minutes. The reaction mixture was subjected as such to column chromatography using 50 g of silica gel and eluted with chloroform to obtain 2.47 g of diethyl [(-)-7,8-difluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-[1,4]benzoxazin-4-yl]methylenemalonate. This product was dissolved in 5 ml of acetic anhydride, and 10 ml of a mixture of acetic anhydride and concentrated sulfuric acid (2/1 by volume) with stirring under ice-cooling, followed by stirring at 50° to 60° C. for 40 minutes. To the reaction mixture were added ice and an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, and the reaction product was extracted three times with 150 ml portions of chloroform. The combined extract was washed with water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. When a solid began to precipitate, a small amount of diethyl ether was added thereto, and the precipitate was collected by filtration. The precipitate was washed with a small amount of diethyl ether to yield 1.32 g of (-)-ethyl 9,10-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylate. eluted with chloroform

Conditions: temp:77.51; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A solution of 8.27 g (50 mmol) of chloral hydrate in 125 mL of water is treated with 112.8 g (0.35 mmol) of sodium sulfate decahydrate. The mixture is stirred and treated with a solution of 7,8-difluoro-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benz[1,4]oxazine (Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1984; 32:4907) hydrochloride prepared by dissolving 8.26 g (44.6 mmol) of the free base in 50 mmol of concentrated hydrochloric acid in 70 mL of 50% aqueous ethanol). The reaction is stirred and a solution of 9.8 g (140 mmol) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 50 mL of water is added. After heating at 75 to 80° C. for 3 hours, the reaction is stirred at room temperature overnight. The resulting precipitate is removed by filtration, washed with water, and the wet filter cake is dissolved in dichloromethane. The organic solution is washed with water, dried (MgSO4), decolorized with charcoal, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 10.5 g of the title compound, mp 188-190° C. prepared The reaction is stirred the reaction is stirred at room temperature overnight The resulting precipitate is removed by filtration washed with water the wet filter cake is dissolved in dichloromethane The organic solution is washed with water dried (MgSO4) filtered concentrated in vacuo

Conditions: temp:77.51; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A solution of 8.27 g (50 mmol) of chloral hydrate in 125 mL of water is treated with 112.8 g (0.35 mmol) of sodium sulfate decahydrate. The mixture is stirred and treated with a solution of 7,8-difluoro-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benz[1,4]oxazine (Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1984; 32:4907) hydrochloride prepared by dissolving 8.26 g (44.6 mmol) of the free base in 50 mmol of concentrated hydrochloric acid in 70 mL of 50% aqueous ethanol). The reaction is stirred and a solution of 9.8 g (140 mmol) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 50 mL of water is added. After heating at 75 to 80° C. for 3 hours, the reaction is stirred at room temperature overnight. The resulting precipitate is removed by filtration, washed with water, and the wet filter cake is dissolved in dichloromethane. The organic solution is washed with water, dried (MgSO4), decolorized with charcoal, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 10.5 g of the title compound, mp 188-190° C. prepared The reaction is stirred the reaction is stirred at room temperature overnight The resulting precipitate is removed by filtration washed with water the wet filter cake is dissolved in dichloromethane The organic solution is washed with water dried (MgSO4) filtered concentrated in vacuo