1-methyl-1H-indene

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 140 ml (0.35 mol) of a 2.5 M solution of n-butyllithium in toluene were added dropwise to a solution of 45.0 g of indene (0.35 mol) in 200 ml of THF at 0° C. in the course of 30 min in a 500 ml four-necked flask having a dropping funnel. After warming up to room temperature, the solution was stirred for a further hour. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C., and 99.4 g (0.70 mol) of iodomethane were added dropwise in the course of 2 h. After warming up to room temperature, stirring was effected for a further 24 h. The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar. The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time. After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator, the crude product was fractionated over a 25 cm Vigreux column. 28.6 g (0.22 mol; 63% yield) of colorless methylindene were obtained under a vacuum from a diaphragm pump at 19 mbar and a top temperature of 71-73° C. The 1H-NMR spectrum shows an isomer mixture of 1- and 3-methylindene in the ratio of 1:1. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C. After warming up to room temperature stirring The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 140 ml (0.35 mol) of a 2.5 M solution of n-butyllithium in toluene were added dropwise to a solution of 45.0 g of indene (0.35 mol) in 200 ml of THF at 0° C. in the course of 30 min in a 500 ml four-necked flask having a dropping funnel. After warming up to room temperature, the solution was stirred for a further hour. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C., and 99.4 g (0.70 mol) of iodomethane were added dropwise in the course of 2 h. After warming up to room temperature, stirring was effected for a further 24 h. The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar. The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time. After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator, the crude product was fractionated over a 25 cm Vigreux column. 28.6 g (0.22 mol; 63% yield) of colorless methylindene were obtained under a vacuum from a diaphragm pump at 19 mbar and a top temperature of 71-73° C. The 1H-NMR spectrum shows an isomer mixture of 1- and 3-methylindene in the ratio of 1:1. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C. After warming up to room temperature stirring The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 12.4 ml of LiBu 2.5 M in hexane are added, at room temperature, to an ether solution of 4.2 g (0.032 moles) of 1-methylindene in 100 ml of ethyl ether. The mixture is left under stirring for 3 hours, then 3.8 g (0.022 moles) of 2-isopropylidene-2,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroazulene are added at -70° C. The temperature is left to rise and the mixture is left under stirring for 48 hours. The reaction mixture is hydrolyzed in water and extracted with ethyl ether which after evaporation provides a solid which is purified on a silica gel column using petroleum ether as eluant. 4.5 g (0.0148 moles) of 2-[1-(3-methyl-1H-Inden-1-yl) -1-methyl-ethyl]-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroazulene are obtained which are dissolved in 200 ml of ethyl ether, to which 18.8 ml of LiMe 1.6 M in ether ethyl are added and the mixture is left under stirring for a night. A slightly yellow precipitate is formed. The mixture is cooled to -70° C. and 3.51 g (0.015 moles) of zirconium tetrachloride are added. The temperature is brought to room temperature and the mass tends to take on a dark brownish-yellow coloring. The mixture is filtered, washed with ethyl ether which tends to become yellow, and is then extracted with methylene chloride (2×100 ml). The solution is brought to a small volume and 20 ml of ethyl ether are then added. A solid precipitates which is filtered, washed with ether and hexane and then dried. 1.0 g of complex are obtained. After two days large orange crystals separate from the yellow ether mother liquor, which when filtered and washed with hexane give 2.1 g of pure complex for a total of 3.1 g (45% yield calculated on the ligand used). 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ ppm rel. TMS): 7.55 (d, 2H); 7.25 (m, 1H); 6.95 (m, 1H); 5.65 (s, 1H); 5.43 (d, 1H); 2.8-2.5 (m, 4H); 2.45 (s, 3H); 1.9-1.6 (m, 7H); 1.40 (m, 2H). The mixture is left The temperature is left the mixture is left under stirring for 48 hours extracted with ethyl ether which after evaporation provides a solid which is purified on a silica gel column

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 12.4 ml of LiBu 2.5 M in hexane are added, at room temperature, to an ether solution of 4.2 g (0.032 moles) of 1-methylindene in 100 ml of ethyl ether. The mixture is left under stirring for 3 hours, then 3.8 g (0.022 moles) of 2-isopropylidene-2,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroazulene are added at -70° C. The temperature is left to rise and the mixture is left under stirring for 48 hours. The reaction mixture is hydrolyzed in water and extracted with ethyl ether which after evaporation provides a solid which is purified on a silica gel column using petroleum ether as eluant. 4.5 g (0.0148 moles) of 2-[1-(3-methyl-1H-Inden-1-yl) -1-methyl-ethyl]-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroazulene are obtained which are dissolved in 200 ml of ethyl ether, to which 18.8 ml of LiMe 1.6 M in ether ethyl are added and the mixture is left under stirring for a night. A slightly yellow precipitate is formed. The mixture is cooled to -70° C. and 3.51 g (0.015 moles) of zirconium tetrachloride are added. The temperature is brought to room temperature and the mass tends to take on a dark brownish-yellow coloring. The mixture is filtered, washed with ethyl ether which tends to become yellow, and is then extracted with methylene chloride (2×100 ml). The solution is brought to a small volume and 20 ml of ethyl ether are then added. A solid precipitates which is filtered, washed with ether and hexane and then dried. 1.0 g of complex are obtained. After two days large orange crystals separate from the yellow ether mother liquor, which when filtered and washed with hexane give 2.1 g of pure complex for a total of 3.1 g (45% yield calculated on the ligand used). 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ ppm rel. TMS): 7.55 (d, 2H); 7.25 (m, 1H); 6.95 (m, 1H); 5.65 (s, 1H); 5.43 (d, 1H); 2.8-2.5 (m, 4H); 2.45 (s, 3H); 1.9-1.6 (m, 7H); 1.40 (m, 2H). The mixture is left The temperature is left the mixture is left under stirring for 48 hours extracted with ethyl ether which after evaporation provides a solid which is purified on a silica gel column

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 3.4 g of 1-methyl-1H-indene in 136 ml of ether was added 16.2 ml of a 1.62 M n-butyllithium/hexane solution at −78° C., followed by stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture were added 15.5 ml of tetra-iso-propyl titanate and 2.41 ml of methyl chloroformate at −78° C., followed by stirring at −78° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture were added 1 M hydrochloric acid and ethyl acetate to carry out a layer separation operation, followed by drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 1.57 g of methyl 1-methyl-1H-indene-1-carboxylate. by stirring at −78° C. for 2 hours a layer separation operation by drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 3.4 g of 1-methyl-1H-indene in 136 ml of ether was added 16.2 ml of a 1.62 M n-butyllithium/hexane solution at −78° C., followed by stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture were added 15.5 ml of tetra-iso-propyl titanate and 2.41 ml of methyl chloroformate at −78° C., followed by stirring at −78° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture were added 1 M hydrochloric acid and ethyl acetate to carry out a layer separation operation, followed by drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 1.57 g of methyl 1-methyl-1H-indene-1-carboxylate. by stirring at −78° C. for 2 hours a layer separation operation by drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 140 ml (0.35 mol) of a 2.5 M solution of n-butyllithium in toluene were added dropwise to a solution of 45.0 g of indene (0.35 mol) in 200 ml of THF at 0° C. in the course of 30 min in a 500 ml four-necked flask having a dropping funnel. After warming up to room temperature, the solution was stirred for a further hour. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C., and 99.4 g (0.70 mol) of iodomethane were added dropwise in the course of 2 h. After warming up to room temperature, stirring was effected for a further 24 h. The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar. The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time. After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator, the crude product was fractionated over a 25 cm Vigreux column. 28.6 g (0.22 mol; 63% yield) of colorless methylindene were obtained under a vacuum from a diaphragm pump at 19 mbar and a top temperature of 71-73° C. The 1H-NMR spectrum shows an isomer mixture of 1- and 3-methylindene in the ratio of 1:1. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C. After warming up to room temperature stirring The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 140 ml (0.35 mol) of a 2.5 M solution of n-butyllithium in toluene were added dropwise to a solution of 45.0 g of indene (0.35 mol) in 200 ml of THF at 0° C. in the course of 30 min in a 500 ml four-necked flask having a dropping funnel. After warming up to room temperature, the solution was stirred for a further hour. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C., and 99.4 g (0.70 mol) of iodomethane were added dropwise in the course of 2 h. After warming up to room temperature, stirring was effected for a further 24 h. The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar. The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time. After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator, the crude product was fractionated over a 25 cm Vigreux column. 28.6 g (0.22 mol; 63% yield) of colorless methylindene were obtained under a vacuum from a diaphragm pump at 19 mbar and a top temperature of 71-73° C. The 1H-NMR spectrum shows an isomer mixture of 1- and 3-methylindene in the ratio of 1:1. Thereafter, it was again cooled to 0° C. After warming up to room temperature stirring The solvents were distilled off on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 40° C. and 100 mbar The black residue was extracted by shaking three times with 200 ml of pentane each time After concentration of the combined pentane fractions on a rotary evaporator

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 12.4 ml of LiBu 2.5 M in hexane are added, at room temperature, to an ether solution of 4.2 g (0.032 moles) of 1-methylindene in 100 ml of ethyl ether. The mixture is left under stirring for 3 hours, then 3.8 g (0.022 moles) of 2-isopropylidene-2,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroazulene are added at -70° C. The temperature is left to rise and the mixture is left under stirring for 48 hours. The reaction mixture is hydrolyzed in water and extracted with ethyl ether which after evaporation provides a solid which is purified on a silica gel column using petroleum ether as eluant. 4.5 g (0.0148 moles) of 2-[1-(3-methyl-1H-Inden-1-yl) -1-methyl-ethyl]-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroazulene are obtained which are dissolved in 200 ml of ethyl ether, to which 18.8 ml of LiMe 1.6 M in ether ethyl are added and the mixture is left under stirring for a night. A slightly yellow precipitate is formed. The mixture is cooled to -70° C. and 3.51 g (0.015 moles) of zirconium tetrachloride are added. The temperature is brought to room temperature and the mass tends to take on a dark brownish-yellow coloring. The mixture is filtered, washed with ethyl ether which tends to become yellow, and is then extracted with methylene chloride (2×100 ml). The solution is brought to a small volume and 20 ml of ethyl ether are then added. A solid precipitates which is filtered, washed with ether and hexane and then dried. 1.0 g of complex are obtained. After two days large orange crystals separate from the yellow ether mother liquor, which when filtered and washed with hexane give 2.1 g of pure complex for a total of 3.1 g (45% yield calculated on the ligand used). 1H NMR (CDCl3, δ ppm rel. TMS): 7.55 (d, 2H); 7.25 (m, 1H); 6.95 (m, 1H); 5.65 (s, 1H); 5.43 (d, 1H); 2.8-2.5 (m, 4H); 2.45 (s, 3H); 1.9-1.6 (m, 7H); 1.40 (m, 2H). The mixture is left The temperature is left the mixture is left under stirring for 48 hours extracted with ethyl ether which after evaporation provides a solid which is purified on a silica gel column

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 3.4 g of 1-methyl-1H-indene in 136 ml of ether was added 16.2 ml of a 1.62 M n-butyllithium/hexane solution at −78° C., followed by stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture were added 15.5 ml of tetra-iso-propyl titanate and 2.41 ml of methyl chloroformate at −78° C., followed by stirring at −78° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture were added 1 M hydrochloric acid and ethyl acetate to carry out a layer separation operation, followed by drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 1.57 g of methyl 1-methyl-1H-indene-1-carboxylate. by stirring at −78° C. for 2 hours a layer separation operation by drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography