2,2-dimethylpropanamide

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A suspension of trimethylacetamide (18.08 g, 178.744 mmol), Cs2CO3 (68.823 g, 211.242 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (1.488 g, 1.625 mmol) and Xantphos (4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) (1.880 g, 3.249 mmol) in dry, degassed 1,4-dioxane (800 ml) under argon was sonicated for 0.25 h and then treated with 2-chloro-6-(methyloxy)pyridine (19.32 ml, 162.494 mmol). The mixture was then heated at reflux for 24 h. The mixture was evaporated, treated with water (1 L) and extracted 3×DCM (1 L and then 2×500 ml). The organics were dried (MgSO4), evaporated and chromatographed (50-100% DCM/40-60 Petroleum ether then 0-5% MeOH/DCM) to give title compound as a yellow solid (25.191 g, 121.111 mmol, 75%). Impure fractions were recolumned (eluting as above) to give more product (4.990 g, 23.990 mmol, 15%). Total yield of 90%. in dry degassed 1,4-dioxane (800 ml) under argon was sonicated for 0.25 h The mixture was then heated at reflux for 24 h The mixture was evaporated treated with water (1 L) extracted 3×DCM (1 L The organics were dried (MgSO4) evaporated chromatographed (50-100% DCM/40-60 Petroleum ether

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In step (a) trimethylacetamide may be reacted with 2-chloro-6-(methyloxy)pyridine. In step (b) the product of step (a) may be treated with n-butyl lithium and 1,2-dibromoethane. The product from step (b) may be treated in step (c) with n-butyl acrylate. Hydrogenation in the presence of palladium on carbon in step (d) can yield the hydrogenated product. The product of step (d) may be cyclised in step (e) to yield the 3,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one by treatment with hydrochloric acid. In step (f) the oxirane may be formed by reaction with sodium hydride then with (2S)-2-oxiranylmethyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate. Cyclisation to the imidazonaphthyridine may be done by heating the oxirane, or microwave power. Step (h) to attach the 4-(N-tert-butoxycarbonylamino) piperidine moiety may be performed by formation of the methanesulfonate, then reaction with the corresponding amine. Aromatisation of the ring in step (i) may be done by treatment with DDQ followed by heating. The amine may then be deprotected using acid hydrolysis, step (j) to yield the amine (IIA), which may then be reacted with a compound of Formula IIB e.g. an aldehyde to form the compound of Formula (I).

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Dry N,N-dimethylformamide (1.2 g.), phosphoryl chloride (2.5 g.), 2-(2-formamidothiazol-4-yl)-2-(2-formyloxyethoxyimino)acetic acid (syn isomer, 3.8 g.) and dry ethyl acetate (49.7 ml.) were treated in a similar manner to that of Example 1-(1) to give an activated acid solution. The solution was added to a solution of 7-amino-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (4.4 g.) and trimethylacetamide (12.3 g.) in dry ethyl acetate (90 ml.) at -10° C., and stirred at -5° to -10° C. for an hour. Water (50 ml.) was added to the resultant solution and allowed to stand at room temperature. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride and dried over magnesium sulfate. After concentrating the solution in vacuo, the residue was pulverized with diisopropyl ether. The precipitates were collected by filtration, washed with diisopropyl ether and dried to give 7-[2-(2 -formamidothiazol-4-yl)-2-(2-formyloxyethoxyimino)acetamido]-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (syn isomer, 2.5 g.). to give an activated acid solution to stand at room temperature The ethyl acetate layer was separated washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride dried over magnesium sulfate After concentrating the solution in vacuo The precipitates were collected by filtration washed with diisopropyl ether dried

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Dry N,N-dimethylformamide (1.2 g.), phosphoryl chloride (2.5 g.), 2-(2-formamidothiazol-4-yl)-2-(2-formyloxyethoxyimino)acetic acid (syn isomer, 3.8 g.) and dry ethyl acetate (49.7 ml.) were treated in a similar manner to that of Example 1-(1) to give an activated acid solution. The solution was added to a solution of 7-amino-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (4.4 g.) and trimethylacetamide (12.3 g.) in dry ethyl acetate (90 ml.) at -10° C., and stirred at -5° to -10° C. for an hour. Water (50 ml.) was added to the resultant solution and allowed to stand at room temperature. The ethyl acetate layer was separated, washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride and dried over magnesium sulfate. After concentrating the solution in vacuo, the residue was pulverized with diisopropyl ether. The precipitates were collected by filtration, washed with diisopropyl ether and dried to give 7-[2-(2 -formamidothiazol-4-yl)-2-(2-formyloxyethoxyimino)acetamido]-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thiomethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (syn isomer, 2.5 g.). to give an activated acid solution to stand at room temperature The ethyl acetate layer was separated washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride dried over magnesium sulfate After concentrating the solution in vacuo The precipitates were collected by filtration washed with diisopropyl ether dried