2,2,3,3-tetrafluorobutanedioyl difluoride

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A sample of diacid fluoride, FCOCF(CF3)—O—(CF2)3COF (503 g, 1.4 mol) prepared from the HFPO coupling of perfluorosuccinyl fluoride as described in U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0116742 and was added over 2 hours to a stirred slurry of sodium carbonate (387 g, 3.7 mol) in 650 g of diglyme at 78° C. to make the disalt. The reaction liberated CO2 gas. Distilled water (35 g, 1.9 mol) was added at 85° C. The mixture was heated up to 165° C. with CO2 off-gassing and held for 30 minutes. Reaction was cooled down and sulphuric acid (250 g, 2.6 mol) in 1250 g of water was added to make the reaction mixture acidic. To the bottom phase was added 60 g NaOH in 60 g of water. Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm and recovered 450 g. To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid and the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid. Vacuum distillation gave CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COOH (400 g, 1.3 mol) for a 95% yield having a boiling point of 111° C./15 mm Hg. The acid was treated with caustic followed by sulphuric acid and vacuum distilled. This was repeated a second time to yield a colorless acid. The surfactant CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COONH4 having a melting point of 64-68° C. was made quantitatively from the reaction of 208 g of acid reacted with excess ammonium hydroxide and dried. Reaction was cooled down Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm recovered 450 g To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid Vacuum distillation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A sample of diacid fluoride, FCOCF(CF3)—O—(CF2)3COF (503 g, 1.4 mol) prepared from the HFPO coupling of perfluorosuccinyl fluoride as described in US Pub. No. 2004/0116742 and was added over 2 hours to a stirred slurry of sodium carbonate (387 g, 3.7 mol) in 650 g of diglyme at 78° C. to make the disalt. The reaction liberated CO2 gas. Distilled water (35 g, 1.9 mol) was added at 85° C. The mixture was heated up to 165° C. with CO2 off-gassing and held for 30 minutes. Reaction was cooled down and sulphuric acid (250 g, 2.6 mol) in 1250 g of water was added to make the reaction mixture acidic. To the bottom phase was added 60 g NaOH in 60 g of water. Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm and recovered 450 g. To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid and the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid. Vacuum distillation gave CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COOH (400 g, 1.3 mol) for a 95% yield having a boiling point of 111° C./15 mm Hg. The acid was treated with caustic followed by sulphuric acid and vacuum distilled. This was repeated a second time to yield a colorless acid. The surfactant CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COONH4 having a melting point of 64-68° C. was made quantitatively from the reaction of 208 g of acid reacted with excess ammonium hydroxide and dried. Reaction was cooled down Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm recovered 450 g To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid Vacuum distillation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A sample of diacid fluoride, FCOCF(CF3)—O—(CF2)3COF (503 g, 1.4 mol) prepared from the HFPO coupling of perfluorosuccinyl fluoride as described in US Pub. No. 2004/0116742 and was added over 2 hours to a stirred slurry of sodium carbonate (387 g, 3.7 mol) in 650 g of diglyme at 78° C. to make the disalt. The reaction liberated CO2 gas. Distilled water (35 g, 1.9 mol) was added at 85° C. The mixture was heated up to 165° C. with CO2 off-gassing and held for 30 minutes. Reaction was cooled down and sulphuric acid (250 g, 2.6 mol) in 1250 g of water was added to make the reaction mixture acidic. To the bottom phase was added 60 g NaOH in 60 g of water. Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm and recovered 450 g. To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid and the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid. Vacuum distillation gave CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COOH (400 g, 1.3 mol) for a 95% yield having a boiling point of 111° C./15 mm Hg. The acid was treated with caustic followed by sulphuric acid and vacuum distilled. This was repeated a second time to yield a colorless acid. The surfactant CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COONH4 having a melting point of 64-68° C. was made quantitatively from the reaction of 208 g of acid reacted with excess ammonium hydroxide and dried. Reaction was cooled down Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm recovered 450 g To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid Vacuum distillation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A sample of diacid fluoride, FCOCF(CF3)—O—(CF2)3COF (503 g, 1.4 mol) prepared from the HFPO coupling of perfluorosuccinyl fluoride as described in US Pub. No. 2004/0116742 and was added over 2 hours to a stirred slurry of sodium carbonate (387 g, 3.7 mol) in 650 g of diglyme at 78° C. to make the disalt. The reaction liberated CO2 gas. Distilled water (35 g, 1.9 mol) was added at 85° C. The mixture was heated up to 165° C. with CO2 off-gassing and held for 30 minutes. Reaction was cooled down and sulphuric acid (250 g, 2.6 mol) in 1250 g of water was added to make the reaction mixture acidic. To the bottom phase was added 60 g NaOH in 60 g of water. Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm and recovered 450 g. To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid and the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid. Vacuum distillation gave CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COOH (400 g, 1.3 mol) for a 95% yield having a boiling point of 111° C./15 mm Hg. The acid was treated with caustic followed by sulphuric acid and vacuum distilled. This was repeated a second time to yield a colorless acid. The surfactant CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COONH4 having a melting point of 64-68° C. was made quantitatively from the reaction of 208 g of acid reacted with excess ammonium hydroxide and dried. Reaction was cooled down Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm recovered 450 g To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid Vacuum distillation

Conditions: temp:85.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a four necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel and a magnetic stirrer, 4950 g (18.5 moles as SO3) of fuming sulfuric acid containing 30% of SO3 were charged. The flask was heated to 85° C. and then, 990 g (2.2 moles) of 1,4-diiodoperfluorobutane having the forumla I (CF2)4I were added dropwise to the flask. The reaction was conducted for 6 hours while maintaining the temperature in the reactor at 85° to 95° C. The reaction mixture discharged from the reflux condenser, was passed through a gas washing bottle containing concentrated sulfuric acid and was collected in a flask cooled with a dryice-ethanol coolant. The collected reaction products in the flask were separated by distillation whereby 247 g of a fraction of a boiling point of 18° C. were obtained. According to F19NMR analysis of the fractions, the fraction having a boiling point of 18° C. consisted of 200g (yield of 47%) of perfluoro- γ-butyrolactone and 47 g (yield of 11%) of perfluorosuccinic difluoride. Another fraction having a boiling point of 1° C., 45 g (yield of 11% ) of perfluoroetrahydrofuran was also obtained. were charged while maintaining the temperature in the reactor at 85° to 95° C washing bottle containing concentrated sulfuric acid was collected in a flask cooled with a dryice-ethanol coolant The collected reaction products in the flask were separated by distillation whereby 247 g of a fraction of a boiling point of 18° C. were obtained

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A sample of diacid fluoride, FCOCF(CF3)—O—(CF2)3COF (503 g, 1.4 mol) prepared from the HFPO coupling of perfluorosuccinyl fluoride as described in U.S. Pub. No. 2004/0116742 and was added over 2 hours to a stirred slurry of sodium carbonate (387 g, 3.7 mol) in 650 g of diglyme at 78° C. to make the disalt. The reaction liberated CO2 gas. Distilled water (35 g, 1.9 mol) was added at 85° C. The mixture was heated up to 165° C. with CO2 off-gassing and held for 30 minutes. Reaction was cooled down and sulphuric acid (250 g, 2.6 mol) in 1250 g of water was added to make the reaction mixture acidic. To the bottom phase was added 60 g NaOH in 60 g of water. Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm and recovered 450 g. To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid and the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid. Vacuum distillation gave CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COOH (400 g, 1.3 mol) for a 95% yield having a boiling point of 111° C./15 mm Hg. The acid was treated with caustic followed by sulphuric acid and vacuum distilled. This was repeated a second time to yield a colorless acid. The surfactant CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COONH4 having a melting point of 64-68° C. was made quantitatively from the reaction of 208 g of acid reacted with excess ammonium hydroxide and dried. Reaction was cooled down Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm recovered 450 g To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid Vacuum distillation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A sample of diacid fluoride, FCOCF(CF3)—O—(CF2)3COF (503 g, 1.4 mol) prepared from the HFPO coupling of perfluorosuccinyl fluoride as described in US Pub. No. US 2004/0116742 and was added over 2 hours to a stirred slurry of sodium carbonate (387 g, 3.7 mol) in 650 g of diglyme at 78° C. to make the disalt. The reaction liberated CO2 gas. Distilled water (35 g, 1.9 mol) was added at 85° C. The mixture was heated up to 165° C. with CO2 off-gassing and held for 30 minutes. Reaction was cooled down and sulfuric acid (250 g, 2.6 mol) in 1250 g of water was added to make the reaction mixture acidic. To the bottom phase was added 60 g NaOH in 60 g of water. Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm and recovered 450 g. To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulfuric acid and the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulfuric acid. Vacuum distillation gave CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COOH (400 g, 1.3 mol) for a 95% yield having a boiling point of 111° C./15 mm Hg. The acid was treated with caustic followed by sulfuric acid and vacuum distilled. This was repeated a second time to yield a colorless acid. The surfactant CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COONH4 having a melting point of 64-68° C. was made quantitatively from the reaction of 208 g of acid reacted with excess ammonium hydroxide and dried. Reaction was cooled down Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm recovered 450 g To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulfuric acid the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulfuric acid Vacuum distillation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A sample of diacid fluoride, FCOCF(CF3)—O—(CF2)3COF (503 g, 1.4 mol) prepared from the HFPO coupling of perfluorosuccinyl fluoride as described in US Pub. No. 2004/0116742 and was added over 2 hours to a stirred slurry of sodium carbonate (387 g, 3.7 mol) in 650 g of diglyme at 78° C. to make the disalt. The reaction liberated CO2 gas. Distilled water (35 g, 1.9 mol) was added at 85° C. The mixture was heated up to 165° C. with CO2 off-gassing and held for 30 minutes. Reaction was cooled down and sulphuric acid (250 g, 2.6 mol) in 1250 g of water was added to make the reaction mixture acidic. To the bottom phase was added 60 g NaOH in 60 g of water. Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm and recovered 450 g. To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid and the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid. Vacuum distillation gave CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COOH (400 g, 1.3 mol) for a 95% yield having a boiling point of 111° C./15 mm Hg. The acid was treated with caustic followed by sulphuric acid and vacuum distilled. This was repeated a second time to yield a colorless acid. The surfactant CF3—CFH—O—(CF2)3COONH4 having a melting point of 64-68° C. was made quantitatively from the reaction of 208 g of acid reacted with excess ammonium hydroxide and dried. Reaction was cooled down Dried the salt in vacuum oven at 112° C./15 mm recovered 450 g To the salt was added 300 g of 50% sulphuric acid the lower fluorochemical phase was washed once with 200 g of 50% sulphuric acid Vacuum distillation