ethyl (Z)-3-aminobut-2-enoate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 2-Ethoxy-3,5-dinitro-6-pentadecyl benzaldehyde (3.73 g, 8.3 mmol) and ethyl acetoacetate (1.08 g, 8.3 mmol) were dissolved in n-butanol (20 mL). Acetic acid (0.5 g, 8.3 mmol) and piperidine (0.7 g, 8.3 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature for 3-4 hrs. Ethyl-3-amino crotonate (1.08 g, 8.3 mmol) was then added and refluxed for 10 hrs. n-Butanol was evaporated and reaction mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with dichloromethane (10 mL). Organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, evaporated and compound was purified by column chromatography using silicagel (100-200 mesh) with hexane:EtOAc (94:6) solvent system to give diethyl 1,4-dihydro-4-(2′-ethoxy-3′,5′-dinitro-6′-pentadecylphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate. refluxed for 10 hrs n-Butanol was evaporated reaction mixture was washed with distilled water extracted with dichloromethane (10 mL) Organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate evaporated compound was purified by column chromatography

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 2-Ethoxy-6-pentadecyl benzaldehyde (3 g, 8.3 mmol) and isopropyl acetoacetate (1.19 g, 8.3 mmol) were dissolved in n-butanol (20 mL). Acetic acid (0.5 g, 8.3 mmol) and piperidine (0.7 g, 8.3 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature for 3-4 hrs. Ethyl-3-amino crotonate (1.08 g, 8.3 mmol) was then added and refluxed for 10 hrs. n-Butanol was evaporated and reaction mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with dichloromethane (10 mL). Organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, evaporated and compound was purified by column chromatography using silica gel (100-200 mesh) with hexane:EtOAc (94:6) solvent system to give ethyl isopropyl 1,4-dihydro-4-(2′-ethoxy-6′-pentadecylphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate as viscous liquid. refluxed for 10 hrs n-Butanol was evaporated reaction mixture was washed with distilled water extracted with dichloromethane (10 mL) Organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate evaporated compound was purified by column chromatography

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 2-Ethoxy-6-pentadecyl benzaldehyde (3 g, 8.3 mmol) and ethyl acetoacetate (1.08 g, 8.3 mmol) were dissolved in n-butanol (20 mL). Acetic acid (0.5 g, 8.3 mmol) and piperidine (0.7 g, 8.3 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature for 3-4 hrs. Ethyl-3-amino crotonate (1.08 g, 8.3 mmol) was then added and refluxed for 10 hrs. n-Butanol was evaporated and reaction mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with dichloromethane (10 mL). Organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, evaporated and compound was purified by column chromatography using silicagel (100-200 mesh) with hexane:EtOAc (94:6) solvent system to give diethyl 1,4-dihydro-4-(2′-ethoxy-6′-pentadecyl phenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate as white powder. refluxed for 10 hrs n-Butanol was evaporated reaction mixture was washed with distilled water extracted with dichloromethane (10 mL) Organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate evaporated compound was purified by column chromatography

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 25 g of chlorocarbonylsulphenyl chloride was added dropwise to 25 g of ethyl 3-aminocrotonate in 300 ml of toluene while being cooled with ice. The solution was heat-refluxed for 2 hours, and then cooled. The crystals precipitated were collected through filtration, and then washed twice with toluene to obtain 22.3 g of 4-methyl-5-ethoxycarbonyl-2-thiazolone as purple crystals. while being cooled with ice The solution was heat-refluxed for 2 hours cooled The crystals precipitated were collected through filtration washed twice with toluene

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 50 millimols each of ethyl 4-acetoxy-3-oxo-butyrate, ethyl 3-aminocrotonate and 2-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde in 100 ml of ethanol were boiled under reflux for 24 hours, 2 g of potassium hydroxide were then added, and the mixture was boiled for a further hour. After the mixture had cooled, the product was precipitated with a water/sodium chloride mixture and was recrystallized from methanol. under reflux for 24 hours the mixture was boiled for a further hour After the mixture had cooled the product was precipitated with a water/sodium chloride mixture was recrystallized from methanol

Conditions: temp:110.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Ethyl (2Z)-3-aminobut-2-enoate (6.46 g, 50.0 mmol) and methyl propiolate (4.20 g, 50.0 mmol) were mixed in one 100 mL flask, and the mixture was stirred at 110° C. for 10 hrs. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and recrystallized with methanol to give 10 g (93% yield) of the pure product. LC-MS found: 214.2.1 (M+H)+. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature recrystallized with methanol

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Malonic acid (5.27 g, 51 mmol), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (20 g, 100 mmol) and phosphorus oxychloride (17.17 g, 112 mmol) were stirred under nitrogen atmosphere at reflux for 12 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 70° C. and poured into ice water. The formed precipitate was collected, washed with water and dried under vacuum to provide the desired malonic acid bis-(2,4,6-trichloro-phenyl)ester as a white solid (23.37 g, quantitative yield). To a mixture of malonic acid bis-(2,4,6-trichloro-phenyl)ester (23.37 g, 50.5 mmol) and ethyl-3-aminocrotonate (6.38 mL, 50.5 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere was added bromobenzene (5 mL). The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 2.5 h then cooled to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The formed precipitate was filtered off, washed several times with ethyl acetate and dried under vacuum to afford the desired 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl-nicotinic acid ethyl ester as a yellow solid (13.04 g, quantitative yield). To a mixture of 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl-nicotinic acid ethyl ester (12.93 g, 65.57 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (550 mL) and potassium carbonate (27.18 g, 196.71 mmol) under nitrogen atmosphere was added dropwise isopropyl iodide (19.65 mL, 196.71 mmol). The resulting slurry was vigorously stirred at room temperature overnight and then filtered to remove insoluble salts. The filtrate was diluted with water (300 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (4×400 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to afford the desired 4,6-diisopropoxy-2-methyl-nicotinic acid ethyl ester as an oil which solidified on standing (15.24 g, 82.6%). To a solution of 4,6-diisopropoxy-2-methyl-nicotinic acid ethyl ester (15.24 g, 54.2 mmol) in methanol (70 mL) was added sodium hydroxide in water (70 mL). The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 48 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and concentrated hydrochloric acid was added (20 mL). The solvent was evaporated to provide the desired 4,6-diisopropoxy-2-methyl-nicotinic acid as a white salt (26.91 g, theoretical mass: 13.73 g). To a solution of 4,6-diisopropoxy-2-methyl-nicotinic acid salt (13.73 g, 54.2 mmol) in methylene chloride (160 mL) under nitrogen atmosphere was added oxalyl chloride (9.46 mL, 108.4 mmol) followed by N,N-dimethylformamide (1 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight then the solvent was evaporated to obtain the desired crude acid chloride, which was used for the next step without further purification. To 50% v/v ammonia hydroxide (500 mL) at room temperature was added dropwise a solution of the crude 4,6-diisopropoxy-2-methyl-nicotinoyl chloride in methylene chloride (400 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 3.5 h. The solution was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with methylene chloride (100 mL×8). The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to afford a crude solid (6.94 g). The crude was purified by flash column chromatography to provide pure 4,6-diisopropoxy-2-methyl-nicotinamide as an orange solid (3.0 g, 21.9%). To a solution of 4,6-diisopropoxy-2-methyl-nicotinamide (0.3 g, 1.18 mmol) in THF (5 mL) under nitrogen was added 1.6 M n-BuLi solution in hexanes (3 mL, 4.75 mmol) at −20° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm-up to room temperature and left to stir for 2 h. The reaction was then cooled to −20° C. and a solution of 4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethyl-benzonitrile in THF (5 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and was left to stir for 20 h. Water and acetic acid were added until pH˜5. The solution was heated to 55° C. for 3 h then cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate, separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to provide crude orange oil (1.02 g). The crude was purified by flash column chromatography to provide pure 7-(4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-2,4-diisopropoxy-6H[1,6]naphthyridin-5-one as a yellow solid (0.10 g, 17.9%). To a solution of 7-(4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-2,4-diisopropoxy-[1,6]naphthyridin-5-ylamine (0.10 g, 0.21 mmol) in methanol (4 mL) was added palladium on charcoal catalyst (0.06 g, 0.54 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred under 1 atmosphere pressure of hydrogen for 20 h and diluted with methanol and filtered through a Celite pad. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to provide a crude solid (0.077 g) which was triturated with ether followed by methanol to afford the desired compound 7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2,4-diisopropoxy-1,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (35 mg, 43.2%). Selected data: MS (ES) m/z: 383.08; MP 206-208° C. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 2.5 h The formed precipitate was filtered off washed several times with ethyl acetate dried under vacuum

Conditions: temp:50.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of malonic acid (20 g, 192 mmol), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (72 g, 365 mmol), and phosphorus oxychloride (38 mL, 403.2 mmol) was stirred at reflux for 12 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 70° C. and poured into ice water. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried to give malonic acid bis-(2,4,6-trichloro-phenyl)ester (85 g, 95%). A solution of malonic acid bis-(2,4,6-trichloro-phenyl)ester (85 g, 184 mmol) and ethyl 3-aminocrotonate (26.08 g, 201.9 mmol) in bromobenzene (100 mL) was stirred at reflux for 50 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 50° C. and diluted with EtOAc (260 mL). The solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried to give 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid ethyl ester (31 g, 86%). A solution of 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid ethyl ester (31 g, 157 mmol) in phosphorus oxychloride (60 mL, 629 mmol) was stirred at reflux for 1.5 h. The extra phosphorus oxychloride was removed and the reaction mixture was poured into ice water. The solid was removed by filtration. The filtrate was extracted with dichloromethane (3×100 mL) and concentrated. The residue was further purified by column chromatography, to yield 4,6-dichloro-2-methyl nicotinic acid ethyl ester (16.9 g, 46%). A solution of 4,6-dichloro-2-methyl nicotinic acid ethyl ester (16.9 g, 71.3 mmol) in MeOH (60 mL) was mixed with sodium methoxide (58 mL, 256.68 mmol) and stirred at reflux for 12 h. The reaction was quenched by adding HOAc (50 mL). The mixture was diluted with water (200 mL), extracted with dichloromethane (3×100 mL), and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, hexanes/EtOAc=6:1), to yield 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid methyl ester (10 g, 67%). A solution of 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid methyl ester (2.6 g, 12.3 mmol), lithium hydroxide (1.06 g, 44.08 mmol) in water (40 mL), MeOH (30 mL) and THF (20 mL) was stirred at reflux for 4 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated to dryness. The residue was mixed with HCl (conc., 20 mL) and was concentrated again on high vacuum to dryness to yield crude 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid (quantitative yield). To a solution of 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid (2.5 g, 12.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) and THF (50 mL) at room temperature was added oxalyl chloride (2.57 mL, 29.4 mmol) and DMF (3 drops). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h, concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator to afford crude 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid chloride HCl salt (2.8 g, quantitative). A solution of 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid chloride HCl salt (4.8 g, 23.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) at room temperature was poured into a beaker of ammonium hydroxide (200 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, extracted with dichloromethane (3×100 mL), and concentrated using a rotary evaporator to yield 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl-nicotinamide (2.4 g, 52%) as a light yellow solid. A solution of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (2.00 g, 13.59 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) at room temperature was mixed with sodium hydride (0.706 g, 17.6 mmol) and stirred for 0.5 h. Benzyl bromide (1.62 mL, 13.59 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The reaction was quenched by adding water (200 mL), extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL), and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography to yield 4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (3.25 g, 100%) as a white solid. To a solution of 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl-nicotinamide (1 g, 5.1 mmol) in THF (120 mL) at −20° C. was added n-BuLi (9.6 mL, 15.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred at −20-0° C. for 2.5 h and then was cooled to −78° C. 4-Benzyloxy-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (1.21 g, 5.1 mmol) was added, the cooling bath was removed, and the reaction was allowed to warm up gradually to room temperature. After stirring at room temperature for 20 h the reaction was quenched by adding water (100 mL), extracted with dichloromethane (3×100 mL), and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The residue was further purified by column (SiO2, Hexanes/EtOAc/MeOH=3:2:1) to yield 7-(4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-2,4-dimethoxy-[1,6]naphthyridin-5-ylamine (0.4 g, 19%) and 7-(4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-2,4-dimethoxy-6H-[1,6]naphthyridin-5-one (0.34 g, 16%). A solution of 7-(4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-2,4-dimethoxy-6H-[1,6]naphthyridin-5-one (0.34 g, 0.82 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) and MeOH (100 mL) was mixed with palladium/carbon (0.1 g) and subjected to hydrogenation (50 psi) for 2 h. The mixture was filtered through a Celite-pad. The filtrate was concentrated on high vacuum to afford 7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-2,4-dimethoxy-6H-[1,6]naphthyridin-5-one (0.23 g, 88%). A solution of 7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-2,4-dimethoxy-6H-[1,6]naphthyridin-5-one (0.23 g, 0.7 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) and DCM (20 mL) was mixed with HCl in ether (7 mL, 7 mmol) and stirred for 0.5 h. The reaction was concentrated using a rotary evaporator to get a solid residue. The solid was rinsed with DCM, collected by filtration, washed with DCM to yield the HCl salt of 7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2,4-dimethoxy-1,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one (0.15 g, 59%) as a light yellow solid. Selected data: MS (ES) m/z: 327.06; MP>324° C. at decomposition (HCl salt). at reflux for 50 min The solid was collected by filtration washed with water dried

Conditions: temp:50.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of malonic acid (20 g, 192 mmol), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (72 g, 365 mmol), and phosphorus oxychloride (38 mL, 403.2 mmol) was stirred at reflux for 12 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 70° C. and poured into ice water. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and air-dried to give malonic acid bis-(2,4,6-trichloro-phenyl)ester (85 g, 95%). A solution of malonic acid bis-(2,4,6-trichloro-phenyl)ester (85 g, 183.6 mmol) and ethyl 3-aminocrotonate (26.1 g, 202 mmol) in bromobenzene (100 mL) was stirred at reflux for 50 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 50° C. and diluted with EtOAc (260 mL). The solid was collected by filtration, washed with water, and air-dried, to give 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl nicotinic acid ethyl ester (31 g, 86%). at reflux for 50 min The solid was collected by filtration washed with water air-dried

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of p-cyanobenzaldehyde, 2-[4-(4,4'-dimethylbenzhydryl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl acetoacetate and ethyl 3-aminocrotonate was worked up in isopropyl alcohol in the same manner as Example 1 to give 2-[4-(4,4'-dimethylbenzhydryl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl ethyl 4-(4-cyanophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate as a light yellow powder, m.p. 93°-96° C. (sintering). Yield 61.9. IR(Nujol)cm-1 : 3330, 2220, 1685. NMR(CDCl3) δ: 1.15(3H,t,J=7,--CH2CH3), 2.24(6H,s, ##STR51## 2.29(6H,s, ##STR52## 4.03(2H,q,J=7,--CH2CH3), 4.11(1H,s,>N--CH<), 4.13(2H,t,J=7,--COOCH2 --), 5.01(1H, s,C(4) --H), 5.77(1H,broad s, NH).

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of m-methoxycarbonylbenzaldehyde, 2-[4-(4,4'-dimethylbenzhydryl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl acetoacetate and ethyl 3-aminocrotonate was worked up in isopropyl alcohol in the same manner as Example 1 to give 2-[4-(4,4'-dimethylbenzhydryl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl ethy 4-(3-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate as a light yellow powder, m.p. 80°-83° C. (sintering). Yield 47.5%. IR(Nujol)cm-1 : 3330, 1720, 1690. NMR(CDCl3) δ: 1.17(3H,t,J=7,--CH2CH3), 2.25(6H,s, ##STR49## 2.31(6H,s, ##STR50## 3.83(3H,s,--COOCH3), 4.03(2H, q,J=7,--CH2CH3), 4.10(1H,s,>N--CH<), 4.10(2H,t,J=6, --COOCH2CH2 --), 5.00(1H,s,C(4) --H), 5.78(1H,broad s, NH).

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of m-anisaldehyde, 2-[4-(4,4'-dimethylbenzhydryl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl acetoacetate and ethyl 3-aminocrotonate was worked up in isopropyl alcohol in the same manner as Example 1 to give 2-[4-(4,4'-dimethylbenzhydryl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl ethyl 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate as a colorless powder, m.p. 75°-78° C. (sintering). Yield 42.2%. IR(Nujol)cm-1 : 3330, 1690. NMR(CDCl3) δ: 1.18(3H,t, J=7,--CH2CH3), 2.25(6H,s, ##STR46## 2.27(3H,s, ##STR47## 2.29(3H,s, ##STR48## 3.68(3H,s,--OCH3), 4.05(2H,q,--CH2CH3), 4.09(1H,s,>N--CH<), 4.14(2H,t,J=6,--COOCH2CH2 --), 4.96(1H, s,C(4) --H), 5.62(1H,broad s, NH).