[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5,6-tetraacetyloxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose (5.00 g, 12.8 mmol) was dissolved in 10-15 mL dry CH2Cl2 under an inert atmosphere. Trimethylsilyl azide (4.24 mL, 32.1 mmol) and tin (IV) chloride (0.75 mL, 6.41 mmol) were added, and the reaction was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 (30 mL) and washed twice with saturated NaHCO3 (20 mL) and with brine (20 mL). The organic phase was dried, filtered and concentrated to leave 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl azide as a white solid (3.92 g, 82%). 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl azide (0.30 g, 80 mmol) was then dissolved in dry THF (15 mL), and Pd/C was added (˜5%) to this solution. The mixture was stirred under H2 overnight. TLC revealed the reduction was completed (Rfazide=0.80, Rfamine=0.10). In a separate flask, compound 23 (0.17 g, 0.30 mmol) and 0.5 M HBTU in DMF (1.20 mL, 0.60 mmol) were combined, followed by the addition of DMF (˜2 mL) and DIEA (104 μL, 0.60 mmol). This solution was then added to the reaction flask, and the reaction mixture was stirred under N2 overnight. The resulting suspension was filtered through celite which was washed well with ethyl acetate (˜100 mL), and the filtrate was washed with 5 M HCl (50 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (2×50 mL), and brine (1×50 mL). The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified using a silica gel column chromatography with 10% MeOH/DCM to yield V (0.16 g, 59.33). 1H NMR δ (CDCl3) 0.78 (3H, t, J=7 Hz), 1.16-1.23 (32H, brm), 1.35 (2H, m) 1.52 (2H, m) 1.57 (6H, brs), 1.86 (6H, brs), 1.91-2.00 (15H, m), 2.14 (2H, m), 2.99 (2H, t, J=7 Hz), 3.75 (2H, m), 3.95-4.07 (3H, m), 4.15-4.29 (4H, m), 4.43-4.38 (1H, m) 4.80 (1H, dd, J=5, 11 Hz), 4.84-4.89 (2H, m), 4.95-5.02 (3H, m), 5.12-5.24 (3H, m), 5.35 (1H, d, J=3 Hz), 5.47 (1H, t, J=9.8 Hz), 6.28 (1H, dd, J=7.6, 19 Hz), 6.60 (1H, d, J=9.3 Hz), 7.18 (1H, d, J=9.1 Hz), 7.34 (1H, d, J=9.1 Hz). LC-MS (ESI) m/z calcd for C47H78N4O12 [M+H]+ 891.56. found [M+H]+ 891.69. washed twice with saturated NaHCO3 (20 mL) and with brine (20 mL) The organic phase was dried filtered concentrated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Analogously to what is described for the synthesis of title compound 70a, the reaction of 100 g (555.0 mmol) of α-D-glucopyranose with a mixture that consists of 1000 ml of absolute pyridine and 1000 ml of acetic acid anhydride after working-up and recrystallization from 95% aqueous ethanol yields 190.6 g (88.0%) of the above-mentioned title compound as a colorless and crystalline compound. By 1H-NMR-spectroscopic study of the thus obtained title compound, it was possible to determine the a to β ratio of two possible anomers at ≧98:2. The title compound accordingly is the exclusively α-configured anomer. recrystallization from 95% aqueous ethanol

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose (1.0 g, 2.60 mmol) was dissolved in 20 mL of dichloromethane and 1.90 mL of hydrobromic acid (33% in acetic acid) at 0° C., and the reaction was stirred while warming to room temperature. TLC (40% ethyl acetate-hexane) after 18 h showed complete consumption of the starting material and formation of a higher running spot. The reaction was slowly diluted with saturated sodium bicarbonate (25 mL), extracted into dichloromethane (2×100 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to afford 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide which was used without purification. consumption of the starting material and formation of The reaction was slowly diluted with saturated sodium bicarbonate (25 mL) extracted into dichloromethane (2×100 mL) dried over sodium sulfate filtered concentrated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose (1.0 g, 2.60 mmol) was dissolved in 20 mL of dichloromethane and 1.90 mL of hydrobromic acid (33% in acetic acid) at 0° C., and the reaction was stirred while warming to room temperature. TLC (40% ethyl acetate-hexane) after 18 h showed complete consumption of the starting material and formation of a higher running spot. The reaction was slowly diluted with saturated sodium bicarbonate (25 mL), extracted into dichloromethane (2×100 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to afford 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide which was used without purification. consumption of the starting material and formation of The reaction was slowly diluted with saturated sodium bicarbonate (25 mL) extracted into dichloromethane (2×100 mL) dried over sodium sulfate filtered concentrated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In 80 ml of DMF was dissolved 5.18 g of α-D-glucose pentaacetate, and 2.37 g of hydrazine acetate was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the ethyl acetate layer was washed with water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 4.0 g of α-D-glucopyranose-2,3,4,6-tetraacetate (yield: 87%). was added The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate the ethyl acetate layer was washed with water a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In 80 ml of DMF was dissolved 5.18 g of α-D-glucose pentaacetate, and 2.37 g of hydrazine acetate was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the ethyl acetate layer was washed with water and a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 4.0 g of α-D-glucopyranose-2,3,4,6-tetraacetate (yield: 87%). was added The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate the ethyl acetate layer was washed with water a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride, and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 10 g (25.6 mmoles) of α-D-glucose pentaacetate and 2 g (21.7 mmoles) of hydrazine acetate in N,N-dimethylformamide were together stirred at 50° C. for 45 minutes. The reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate, and washed with a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. After working up in a conventional manner, purification by silica gel column chromatography (eluent; ether: n-hexane =2:1 to 3:1) gave 5.45 g of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucose. The reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate washed with a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution After working up in a conventional manner, purification by silica gel column chromatography (eluent; ether: n-hexane =2:1 to 3:1)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose (5.00 g, 12.8 mmol) was dissolved in 10-15 mL dry CH2Cl2 under an inert atmosphere. Trimethylsilyl azide (4.24 mL, 32.1 mmol) and tin (IV) chloride (0.75 mL, 6.41 mmol) were added, and the reaction was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 (30 mL) and washed twice with saturated NaHCO3 (20 mL) and with brine (20 mL). The organic phase was dried, filtered and concentrated to leave 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl azide as a white solid (3.92 g, 82%). 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl azide (0.30 g, 80 mmol) was then dissolved in dry THF (115 mL), and Pd/C was added (˜5%) to this solution. The mixture was stirred under H2 overnight. TLC revealed the reduction was completed (Rfazide=0.80, Rfamine=0.10). In a separate flask, compound 23 (0.17 g, 0.30 mmol) and 0.5 M HBTU in DMF (1.20 mL, 0.60 mmol) were combined, followed by the addition of DMF (˜2 mL) and DIEA (104 μL, 0.60 mmol). This solution was then added to the reaction flask, and the reaction mixture was stirred under N2 overnight. The resulting suspension was filtered through celite which was washed well with ethyl acetate (˜100 mL), and the filtrate was washed with 5 M HCl (50 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (2×50 mL), and brine (1×50 mL). The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified using a silica gel column chromatography with 10% MeOH/DCM to yield V (0.16 g, 59.33). 1H NMR δ (CDCl3) 0.78 (3H, t, J=7 Hz), 1.16-1.23 (32H, brm), 1.35 (2H, m) 1.52 (2H, m) 1.57 (6H, brs), 1.86 (6H, brs), 1.91-2.00 (15H, m), 2.14 (2H, m), 2.99 (2H, t, J=7 Hz), 3.75 (2H, m), 3.95-4.07 (3H, m), 4.15-4.29 (4H, m), 4.43-4.38 (1H, m) 4.80 (1H, dd, J=5, 11 Hz), 4.84-4.89 (2H, m), 4.95-5.02 (3H, m), 5.12-5.24 (3H, m), 5.35 (1H, d, J=3 Hz), 5.47 (11H, t, J=9.8 Hz), 6.28 (1H, dd, J=7.6, 19 Hz), 6.60 (11H, d, J=9.3 Hz), 7.18 (1H, d, J=9.1 Hz), 7.34 (1H, d, J=9.1 Hz). LC-MS (ESI) m/z calcd for C47H78N4O12 [M+H]+ 891.56, found [M+H]+ 891.69. washed twice with saturated NaHCO3 (20 mL) and with brine (20 mL) The organic phase was dried filtered concentrated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Analogously, as described in the synthesis of title compound Aa), the reaction of 100 g (555.0 mmol) of α-D-glucopyranose with a mixture of 1000 ml of absolute pyridine and 1000 ml of acetic acid anhydride after working-up and recrystallization from 95% aqueous ethanol yields 190.6 g (88.0%) of the above-mentioned title compound as a colorless and crystalline compound. By 1H-NMR-spectroscopic study of the title compound that is thus obtained, it was possible to determine the α to β-ratio of two possible anomers with ≧98:2. Accordingly, the title compound is the exclusively α-configured anomer. recrystallization from 95% aqueous ethanol

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose (5.00 g, 12.8 mmol) was dissolved in 10-15 mL dry CH2Cl2 under an inert atmosphere. Trimethylsilyl azide (4.24 mL, 32.1 mmol) and tin (IV) chloride (0.75 mL, 6.41 mmol) were added, and the reaction was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 (30 mL) and washed twice with saturated NaHCO3 (20 mL) and with brine (20 mL). The organic phase was dried, filtered and concentrated to leave 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl azide as a white solid (3.92 g, 82%). 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl azide (0.30 g, 80 mmol) was then dissolved in dry THF (15 mL), and Pd/C was added (˜5%) to this solution. The mixture was stirred under H2 overnight. TLC revealed the reduction was completed (Rfazide=0.80, Rfamine=0.10). In a separate flask, compound 23 (0.17 g, 0.30 mmol) and 0.5 M HBTU in DMF (1.20 mL, 0.60 mmol) were combined, followed by the addition of DMF (˜2 mL) and DIEA (104 μL, 0.60 mmol). This solution was then added to the reaction flask, and the reaction mixture was stirred under N2 overnight. The resulting suspension was filtered through celite which was washed well with ethyl acetate (˜100 mL), and the filtrate was washed with 5 M HCl (50 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (2×50 mL), and brine (1×50 mL). The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified using a silica gel column chromatography with 10% MeOH/DCM to yield V (0.16 g, 59.33). 1H NMR δ (CDCl3) 0.78 (3H, t, J=7 Hz), 1.16-1.23 (32H, brm), 1.35 (2H, m) 1.52 (2H, m) 1.57 (6H, brs), 1.86 (6H, brs), 1.91-2.00 (15H, m), 2.14 (2H, m), 2.99 (2H, t, J=7 Hz), 3.75 (2H, m), 3.95-4.07 (3H, m), 4.15-4.29 (4H, m), 4.43-4.38 (1H, m) 4.80 (1H, dd, J=5, 11 Hz), 4.84-4.89 (2H, m), 4.95-5.02 (3H, m), 5.12-5.24 (3H, m), 5.35 (1H, d, J=3 Hz), 5.47 (1H, t, J=9.8 Hz), 6.28 (1H, dd, J=7.6, 19 Hz), 6.60 (1H, d, J=9.3 Hz), 7.18 (1H, d, J=9.1 Hz), 7.34 (1H, d, J=9.1 Hz). LC-MS (ESI) m/z calcd for C47H78N4O12 [M+H]+ 891.56. found [M+H]+ 891.69. washed twice with saturated NaHCO3 (20 mL) and with brine (20 mL) The organic phase was dried filtered concentrated