1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-3-carbonitrile

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:4.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 3-quinuclidinone (12.5 g; 0.10 moles), tosylmethyl isocyanide (25.4 g; 0.13 moles) and dry ethanol (10 ml; 0.17 moles) in dry dimethoxyethane (350 ml) was cooled in ice and treated portionwise with potassium t-butoxide (28.0 g; 0.25 moles) while maintaining the temperature between 5° C. and 10° C. After addition was complete the ice bath was removed and stirring was continued for a further 30 min. The reaction was then heated at 4° C. for 2.5 h. After cooling, the precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. Purification on neutral alumina (Brockmann grade 1) using 2% methanol in ethyl acetate as eluant afforded the title compound as a syrup (10.0 g: 74%) which crystallised on cooling. was cooled in ice while maintaining the temperature between 5° C. and 10° C After addition was removed After cooling the precipitate was filtered off the filtrate concentrated in vacuo Purification on neutral alumina (Brockmann grade 1)

Conditions: temp:4.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 3-quinuclidinone (12.5 g; 0.10 moles), tosylmethyl isocyanide (25.4 g; 0.13 moles) and dry ethanol (10 ml; 0.17 moles) in dry dimethoxyethane (350 ml) was cooled in ice and treated portionwise with potassium t-butoxide (28.0 g; 0.25 moles) while maintaining the temperature between 5° C. and 10° C. After addition was complete the ice bath was removed and stirring was continued for a further 30 min. The reaction was then heated at 4° C. for 2.5 h. After cooling, the precipitate was filtered off and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. Purification on neutral alumina (Brockmann grade 1) using 2% methanol in ethyl acetate as eluant afforded the title compound as a syrup (10.0 g: 74%) which crystallised on cooling. was cooled in ice while maintaining the temperature between 5° C. and 10° C After addition was removed After cooling the precipitate was filtered off the filtrate concentrated in vacuo Purification on neutral alumina (Brockmann grade 1)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A solution of potassium tert-butoxide (18.27 ml) in 1:1 (v/v) mixture of dimethoxyethane and ethanol (100 ml) was added slowly to a stirred mixture of 3-quinuclidinone (8.14 g), tosylmethylisocyanate (16.53 g) in dry ethanol (6.5 ml), and dry dimethoxyethane (228 ml) under an atmosphere of argon whilst maintaining the temperature below 10° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stirred at this temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 40° C. for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled, filtered and the filtrate evaporated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography on alumina (Brockmann Grade I) using a 2:98 (v/v) mixture of methanol/ethyl acetate as eluant to give 3-cyanoquinuclidine (6.6 g), microanalysis, found: C, 67.6; H, 8.5; N, 18.7%; C8H12N2 requires: C, 70.6; H, 8.8; N, 20.6%; NMR (CDCl3): 1.4-1.7 (3H, m), 1.85-2.0 (1H, m) 2.0-2.1 (1H, m) and 2.6-3.4 (7H, m); m/z 137 (M+H). whilst maintaining the temperature below 10° C The reaction mixture was then stirred at 40° C. for 3 hours The reaction mixture was cooled filtered the filtrate evaporated The residue was purified by flash column chromatography on alumina (Brockmann Grade I) a 2:98 (v/v) mixture of methanol/ethyl acetate as eluant

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A solution of potassium tert-butoxide (18.27 ml) in 1:1 (v/v) mixture of dimethoxyethane and ethanol (100 ml) was added slowly to a stirred mixture of 3-quinuclidinone (8.14 g), tosylmethylisocyanate (16.53 g) in dry ethanol (6.5 ml), and dry dimethoxyethane (228 ml) under an atmosphere of argon whilst maintaining the temperature below 10° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stirred at this temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 40° C. for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled, filtered and the filtrate evaporated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography on alumina (Brockmann Grade I) using a 2:98 (v/v) mixture of methanol/ethyl acetate as eluant to give 3-cyanoquinuclidine (6.6 g), microanalysis, found: C, 67.6; H, 8.5; N, 18.7%; C8H12N2 requires: C, 70.6; H, 8.8; N, 20.6%; NMR (CDCl3): 1.4-1.7 (3H, m), 1.85-2.0 (1H, m) 2.0-2.1 (1H, m) and 2.6-3.4 (7H, m); m/z 137 (M+H). whilst maintaining the temperature below 10° C The reaction mixture was then stirred at 40° C. for 3 hours The reaction mixture was cooled filtered the filtrate evaporated The residue was purified by flash column chromatography on alumina (Brockmann Grade I) a 2:98 (v/v) mixture of methanol/ethyl acetate as eluant

Conditions: temp:-78.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A solution of sec-butyl lithium in hexane (1.1M, 67.38 ml) was added to a solution of 4-bromobiphenyl (14.38 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran (128 ml) over a period of 1.5 hours under an atmosphere of argon at -78° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at -78° C. A solution of 3-cyanoquinuclidine (5.6 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran was added to the reaction mixture whilst maintaining the temperature at -78° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for a further period of 16 hours during which period the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature. 2M aqueous hydrogen chloride solution (50 ml) was added to the reaction mixture and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The aqueous phase was separated, washed with diethyl ether, basified with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extract was dried (MgSO4) and evaporated to give a residue which was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel using a 95:5 (v/v) mixture of methanol/ammonia (density 0.88 g/cm3) as eluant. The residue was dissolved in ethanol and acidified with a saturated solution of ethanolic hydrogen chloride. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and hexane was added to give 3-(4-phenylbenzoyl)quinuclidine hydrogen chloride as a solid (970 mg), m.p. 255.6° C.; microanalysis, found: C, 71.4; H, 6.7; N, 4.4; Cl, 9.8%; C20H21NO. HCl 1/2 H2O. requires: C, 71.34; H, 6.8; N, 4.2; Cl, 10.5%; NMR (CDCl3): 1.7-1.85 (2H, m), 2.0-2.2 (2H, m), 2.2-2.45 (1H, m), 2.45-2.6 (1H, m), 3.2-3.5 (3H, m), 3.5-3.7 (2H, m), 3.9-4.2 (2H, m), 7.35-7.55 (3H, m), 7.55-7.65 (2H, m), 7.65-7.75 (2H, d), 8.0-8.1 (2H, d) and 12.26 (1H, s). whilst maintaining the temperature at -78° C The reaction mixture was stirred for a further period of 16 hours during which period the reaction mixture to warm to ambient temperature the mixture was stirred for 1 hour The aqueous phase was separated washed with diethyl ether extracted with ethyl acetate The ethyl acetate extract was dried (MgSO4) evaporated to give a residue which was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel using a 95:5 (v/v) mixture of methanol/ammonia (density 0.88 g/cm3) as eluant The residue was dissolved in ethanol The mixture was evaporated to dryness and hexane was added

Conditions: temp:40.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 20.4 g (163 mmol) of 3-quinuclidinone and 41.4 g (212 mmol) of (4-toluenesulfonyl)methyl isocyanide are introduced into 435 ml of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and 16 ml of dry ethanol while cooling in ice. 45.7 g (407 mmol) of potassium tert-butoxide are slowly added in such a way that the temperature does not rise above 10° C. The mixture is then heated at 40° C. for 2.5 h. After cooling to RT, the resulting solid is filtered off. The filtrate is concentrated and chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase: dichloromethane→ethyl acetate→ethyl acetate/methanol 50:1). 22.9 g (quant.) of the racemic product are obtained in slightly impure form. while cooling in ice does not rise above 10° C After cooling to RT the resulting solid is filtered off The filtrate is concentrated chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase: dichloromethane→ethyl acetate→ethyl acetate/methanol 50:1) 22.9 g (quant.) of the racemic product are obtained in slightly impure form

Conditions: temp:40.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 20.4 g (163 mmol) of 3-quinuclidinone and 41.4 g (212 mmol) of (4-toluenesulfonyl)methyl isocyanide are introduced into 435 ml of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and 16 ml of dry ethanol while cooling in ice. 45.7 g (407 mmol) of potassium tert-butoxide are slowly added in such a way that the temperature does not rise above 10° C. The mixture is then heated at 40° C. for 2.5 h. After cooling to RT, the resulting solid is filtered off. The filtrate is concentrated and chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase: dichloromethane→ethyl acetate→ethyl acetate/methanol 50:1). 22.9 g (quant.) of the racemic product are obtained in slightly impure form. while cooling in ice does not rise above 10° C After cooling to RT the resulting solid is filtered off The filtrate is concentrated chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase: dichloromethane→ethyl acetate→ethyl acetate/methanol 50:1) 22.9 g (quant.) of the racemic product are obtained in slightly impure form

Conditions: temp:40.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 20.4 g (163 mmol) of quinuclidin-3-one and 41.37 g (211.87 mmol) of (4-toluenesulfonyl)methyl isocyanide are introduced into 435 ml of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and 16 ml of dry ethanol while cooling in ice. 45.72 g (407.45 mmol) of potassium tert-butoxide are slowly added in such a way that the temperature does not rise above 10° C. The mixture is then heated at 40° C. for 2.5 h. The solid resulting at RT is filtered off. The filtrate is concentrated and chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase: initially dichloromethane, then ethyl acetate→ethyl acetate/methanol 50:1). 22.9 g (103% of theory) of the product are obtained in slightly impure form. while cooling in ice does not rise above 10° C The solid resulting at RT is filtered off The filtrate is concentrated chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase 22.9 g (103% of theory) of the product are obtained in slightly impure form

Conditions: temp:40.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 20.4 g (163 mmol) of 3-quinuclidinone and 41.4 g (212 mmol) of (4-toluenesulfonyl)methyl isocyanide are introduced into 435 ml of 1,2-dimethoxyethane and 16 ml of dry ethanol while cooling in ice. 45.7 g (407 mmol) of potassium tert-butoxide are slowly added in such a way that the temperature does not rise above 10° C. The mixture is then heated at 40° C. for 2.5 h. After cooling to RT, the resulting solid is filtered off. The filtrate is concentrated and chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase: dichloromethane→ethyl acetate→ethyl acetate/methanol 50:1). 22.9 g (quant.) of the racemic product are obtained in slightly impure form. while cooling in ice does not rise above 10° C After cooling to RT the resulting solid is filtered off The filtrate is concentrated chromatographed on neutral alumina (mobile phase: dichloromethane→ethyl acetate→ethyl acetate/methanol 50:1) 22.9 g (quant.) of the racemic product are obtained in slightly impure form