2-chloro-2,2-difluoro-1-phenylethanone

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:100.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Potassium carbonate (K2CO3; 5.01 g, 36.3 mmol) and H2O (4 mL) were added to a microwave reaction vessel. 4,6-Dibromo-2-chloropyridin-3-ol (0.359 g, 1.25 mmol) was dissolved in CH3CN (4 mL) and added to the microwave reaction vessel. 2-Chloro-2,2-difluoro-1-phenylethanone (0.953 g, 5.00 mmol) was then added, and the microwave reaction vessel was sealed. The reaction mixture was heated with vigorous stirring with a large stir bar in a Biotage microwave reactor at 100° C. for 4 h. (The reaction mixture is biphasic, and the reaction will not proceed to completion without vigorous stirring.) The reaction mixture was then partitioned between EtOAc and H2O. The organic phase was washed once more with H2O, dried and concentrated. The product was redissolved in CH2Cl2 and filtered through short plug of silica gel utilizing CH2Cl2 as the eluting solvent. The eluent was concentrated to provide the title compound as a light yellow low-melting solid (0.325 g, 0.963 mmol, 77%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.73 (s, 1H), 6.63 (t, J=73.1, 1H); EIMS m/z 337. added to the microwave reaction vessel the microwave reaction vessel was sealed The reaction mixture was heated the reaction will not ) The reaction mixture was then partitioned between EtOAc and H2O The organic phase was washed once more with H2O dried concentrated The product was redissolved in CH2Cl2 filtered through short plug of silica gel The eluent was concentrated

Conditions: temp:80.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirring solution of 2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-5-ol (from step B) (71 mg, 0.50 mmol) in CH3CN (2.5 mL) and water (2.5 mL) at room temperature under argon was added K2CO3 (0.69 g, 5.0 mmol) and followed by 2-chloro-2,2-difluoro-1-phenylethanone (286 mg, 1.5 mmol). The reaction tube was sealed and heated at 80° C. for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature. EtOAc (10 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, which was washed with brine (15 mL×3). Organic phase was dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated. The crude product was dissolved in a small amount of DCM (˜2 ml) and loaded onto a 40 g ISCO silica gel column which was eluted with a 20 min gradient from 0% to 100% EtOAc/Hexanes. 23 mg (23% for three steps) of 5-(difluoromethoxy)-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine was obtained as an off white solid. MS (ESI) 193 (M+H). The reaction tube was sealed The reaction was cooled to room temperature was washed with brine (15 mL×3) Organic phase was dried (MgSO4) filtered concentrated The crude product was dissolved in a small amount of DCM (˜2 ml) was eluted with a 20 min gradient from 0% to 100% EtOAc/Hexanes

Conditions: temp:80.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a mixture of 6-fluoro-2-methylquinolin-8-ol (0.15 g, 0.85 mmol) and potassium carbonate (4.2 g, 30 mmol) in acetonitrile (3.4 mL, 0.85 mmol) and water (3.4 mL, 0.85 mmol) was added 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroacetophenone (0.62 mL, 4.2 mmol). The vessel was sealed and the mixture was heated at 80° C. for 4 hours. The cooled reaction mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (2×30 mL), and the combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure at ambient temperature The resulting residue was purified by reverse phase chromatography on a C18 column (0-100% acetonitrile/water). Aqueous fractions containing the product were combined and extracted with diethyl ether (2×100 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure at ambient temperature providing the title compound. Presence of water was noted and the material taken on as is assuming theoretical yield obtained (0.19 g, 100%). The vessel was sealed The cooled reaction mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (2×30 mL) the combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate filtered concentrated under reduced pressure at ambient temperature The resulting residue was purified by reverse phase chromatography on a C18 column (0-100% acetonitrile/water) Aqueous fractions containing the product extracted with diethyl ether (2×100 mL) The combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate filtered concentrated under reduced pressure at ambient temperature

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Tert-butyl [1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]carbamate (180 mg, 0.464 mmol, prepared analogously to tert-butyl [1-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]carbamate, cf. Example 34.2 and potassium hydroxide (1.4 g, 25 mmol) were suspended in acetonitrile (4 mL). After stirring the two phase system for 45 min at room temperature the reaction mixture was cooled to −15° C. and a solution of 2-chloro-2,2-difluoro-1-phenylethanone (442 mg, 2.32 mmol) in acetonitrile (1 mL) was added dropwise over 30 min. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and then heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (dichloromethane, silica gel). Yield: 30 mg (0.069 mmol, 15%). was cooled to −15° C. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature heated at 80° C. for 2 h The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate The combined extracts were dried (MgSO4) concentrated in vacuo The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (dichloromethane, silica gel)

Conditions: temp:80.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 4-bromo-3-fluoro-phenol (962 mg, 5.037 mmol) in acetonitrile (25 mL) was added a solution of potassium carbonate (28.3 g, 181 mmol) dissolved in water (25 mL) all under nitrogen. To the reaction mixture was added 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroacetophenone (5 g, 25 mmol) and the reaction was heated to 80° C. for 4 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL). The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated onto silica gel. Silica gel chromotography (5% ethyl acetate 95% heptane to 100% ethyl acetate over 55 minutes) furnished a clear oil (950 mg, 78%). LCMS m/z 531.7 (M−1)1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ ppm 6.85 (s, 1H) 6.92 (dd, J=8.88, 2.63 Hz, 1H) 7.05 (t, 1H) 7.38 (t, 1H) The reaction was cooled to room temperature extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL) The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate filtered concentrated onto silica gel

Conditions: temp:80.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 4-bromo-3-fluoro-phenol (962 mg, 5.037 mmol) in acetonitrile (25 mL) was added a solution of potassium carbonate (28.3 g, 181 mmol) dissolved in water (25 mL) all under nitrogen. To the reaction mixture was added 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroacetophenone (5 g, 25 mmol) and the reaction was heated to 80° C. for 4 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL). The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated onto silica gel. Silica gel chromotography (5% ethyl acetate 95% heptane to 100% ethyl acetate over 55 minutes) furnished a clear oil (950 mg, 78%). LCMS m/z 531.7 (M−1)1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d4) δ ppm 6.85 (s, 1H) 6.92 (dd, J=8.88, 2.63 Hz, 1H) 7.05 (t, 1H) 7.38 (t, 1H) The reaction was cooled to room temperature extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL) The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate filtered concentrated onto silica gel

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Tert-butyl [1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]carbamate (180 mg, 0.464 mmol, prepared analogously to tert-butyl [1-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl]carbamate, cf. Example 34.2 and potassium hydroxide (1.4 g, 25 mmol) were suspended in acetonitrile (4 mL). After stirring the two phase system for 45 min at room temperature the reaction mixture was cooled to −15° C. and a solution of 2-chloro-2,2-difluoro-1-phenylethanone (442 mg, 2.32 mmol) in acetonitrile (1 mL) was added dropwise over 30 min. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and then heated at 80° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (dichloromethane, silica gel). Yield: 30 mg (0.069 mmol, 15%). was cooled to −15° C. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature heated at 80° C. for 2 h The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate The combined extracts were dried (MgSO4) concentrated in vacuo The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (dichloromethane, silica gel)