1-chloro-6-iodohexane

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4.H2O: 475.21 (100%), 476.22 (29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4.H2O: 475.21(100%), 476.22(29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4H2O: 475.21 (100%), 476.22 (29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4H2O: 475.21 (100%), 476.22 (29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirred solution of 2,2′-bithiophene (10.0 g, 60.24 mmol) in anhydrous THF (150 ml) was added n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 20.0 ml, 50.0 mmol) dropwise at −78° C. under nitrogen. After complete addition, the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature, with stirring, over 2 h, followed by the addition of 1-chloro-6-iodohexane (14.55 g, 50.0 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction was quenched with sat. aq. NH4Cl, and the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×100 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with water, brine, and dried over sodium sulphate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica, eluting with petroleum ether, to give 5-(6-chlorohexyl)-2,2′-bithiophene as a white solid (7.73 g, 54%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 7.14 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1.3 Hz, 1H, Ar—H), 7.08 (dd, J=3.5 Hz, 1.1 Hz, 1H, Ar—H), 6.97 (m, 2H, Ar—H), 6.66 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 1H, Ar—H), 3.51 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 2H, ClCH2), 2.78 (t, J=7.1 Hz 2H, ArCH2), 1.61-1.81 (m, 4H, CH2), 1.35-1.51 (m, 4H, CH2); MS (m/e): 282 (M+, 2%), 166 (8), 123 (39), 110 (22), 97 (100). After complete addition The reaction was quenched with sat. aq. NH4Cl the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×100 ml) The combined organic extracts were washed with water, brine dried over sodium sulphate The solvent was removed under reduced pressure the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica eluting with petroleum ether

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirred solution of thiophene (5.0 g, 59.5 mmol) in dry THF (50 ml) was added n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 20.0 ml, 50.0 mmol) dropwise at −78° C. under nitrogen. After complete addition, the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature, with stirring, over 2 h, followed by the addition of 1-chloro-6-iodohexane (12.3 g, 50.0 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction was quenched with sat. aq. ammonium chloride, and the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×70 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with water, brine, and dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was chromatographyed (silica gel, petroleum ether), to afford the product as a pale yellow oil (9.3 g, 92%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 7.06 (dd, J=5.1 Hz, 1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar—H), 6.87 (dd, J=5.1 Hz, 3.4 Hz, 1H, Ar—H), 6.75 (m, 1H, Ar—H), 3.48 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H, ClCH2), 2.80 (t, J=7.4 Hz 2H, ArCH2), 1.61-1.78 (m, 4H, CH2), 1.29-1.50 (m, 4H, CH2); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 145.5 (quat.), 126.7 (CH), 124.1 (CH), 122.9 (CH), 45.1 (CH2), 32.6 (CH2), 31.7 (CH2), 29.9 (CH2), 28.4 (CH2) 26.7 (CH2); MS (m/e) 204 (M+, 9%), 202 (M+, 3%), 97 (100). After complete addition The reaction was quenched with sat. aq. ammonium chloride the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×70 ml) The combined organic extracts were washed with water, brine dried over magnesium sulphate The solvent was removed under reduced pressure

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirred solution of thiophene (5.0 g, 59.5 mmol) in dry THF (50 ml) was added n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 20.0 ml, 50.0 mmol) dropwise at −78° C. under nitrogen. After complete addition, the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature, with stirring, over 2 h, followed by the addition of 1-chloro-6-iodohexane (12.3 g, 50.0 mmol). The resultant mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction was quenched with sat. aq. ammonium chloride, and the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×70 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with water, brine, and dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was chromatographyed (silica gel, petroleum ether), to afford the product as a pale yellow oil (9.3 g, 92%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 7.06 (dd, J=5.1 Hz, 1.2 Hz, 1H, Ar—H), 6.87 (dd, J=5.1 Hz, 3.4 Hz, 1H, Ar—H), 6.75 (m, 1H, Ar—H), 3.48 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H, ClCH2), 2.80 (t, J=7.4 Hz 2H, ArCH2), 1.61-1.78 (m, 4H, CH2), 1.29-1.50 (m, 4H, CH2); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 145.5 (quat.), 126.7 (CH), 124.1 (CH), 122.9 (CH), 45.1 (CH2), 32.6 (CH2), 31.7 (CH2), 29.9 (CH2), 28.4 (CH2) 26.7 (CH2); MS (m/e) 204 (M+, 9%), 202 (M+, 3%), 97 (100). After complete addition The reaction was quenched with sat. aq. ammonium chloride the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×70 ml) The combined organic extracts were washed with water, brine dried over magnesium sulphate The solvent was removed under reduced pressure

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1 H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4H2O: 475.21(100%), 476.22(29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1 H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4H2O: 475.21(100%), 476.22(29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4.H2O: 475.21 (100%), 476.22 (29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 ml round bottom flask was charged with [2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid anthracen-9-ylmethyl ester (1.12 g, 3 mmol) and fresh sodium hydride, 60% dispersion in mineral oil (360 mg, 9 mmol) under inert atmosphere. 20 ml anhydrous THF was added and the reaction allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath. When the temperature is reached 1-chloro-6-Iodohexane (1 ml, 6 mmol) is added via syringe. The reaction is maintained at ice/NaCl temperature for 2 hours, then slowly allowed to warm to room temperature overnight. At this point silica gel 60 is co-absorbed onto the reaction mixture with loss of solvent under reduced pressure. Silica gel chromatography takes place initially with heptane as eluent, followed by 10%, 20%, and 25% ethyl acetate. A total of 0.57 g (41% yield) of product is isolated from appropriate fractions: 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 8.48 (s, H-10), 8.38 (d, H-1, 8), 8.01 (d, H-4, 5), 7.52 (dt, H-2, 3, 6, 7), 6.13 (s, CH2-anth), 5.29 (bs, exchangeable, NH), 3.74 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.15 (m, 8H), 1.84 (m, 4H), 1.61 (m, 1H), 1.43 (m, 1H), 1.25 (m, 2H). Mass spectrum, m/e Calcd for C26H32ClNO4.H2O: 475.21 (100%), 476.22 (29.6%). Found: 475.21, 476.52. The flask is then cooled to between −10 and −20° C. by means of an ice/NaCl bath is added via syringe