methyl 4-(4-bromophenyl)-4-oxobutanoate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In a manner similar to Example 12, Step (b), (3,4-dichloro-phenyl)boronic acid (1.0569 g, 0.005539 mol) was allowed to react with 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (1.3636 g, 0.005019 mol) in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine(palladium(0) (0.1054 g, 0.0000912 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5.5 mL, 0.011 mol) in toluene (11 mL) to give, after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (7:1) 1.432 g of 4-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid: mp 120-121° C. to give after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (7:1) 1.432 g of 4-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirred solution of 4-tert-butyl-bromobenzene (21.3 g, 0.0999 mol) in THF (30 mL) at −78° C. under nitrogen was added dropwise a 2.1 M solution of n-butyl lithium in hexanes (45 mL, 0.095 mol), and the mixture was stirred for 1.5 hours. To the mixture was added dropwise neat trimethylborate (10.2 mL, 0.090 mol), and the mixture was allowed to slowly warm to room temperature. The mixture was stirred overnight, then quenched by dropwise addition of 1.0 M aqueous hydrochloric acid. Brine was added, and the organic layer was dried (Na2SO4) and rotary evaporated. The residue was crystallized from n-heptane to give 4.65 g of crude 4-tert-butyl-phenyl-boronic acid as white needles. This material was used directly in the next reaction without further characterization. Thus, in a manner similar to Example 12, Step (b), 4-tert-butyl-phenyl-boronic acid (0.4287 g, 0.00241 mol) was allowed to react with 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (0.5443 g, 0.00200 mol) in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.0472 g, 0.0000408 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (2.4 mL, 0.0048 mol) in toluene (5 mL) to give, after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with toluene then chloroform, 0.50 g. The material was dissolved in diethyl ether, washed with 0.10 M aqueous sodium hydroxide, water and brine. The organics were dried (K2CO3), and rotary evaporated to give 0.45 g of 4-(4′-tert-butyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid; mp 58-62° C. This material was used directly in the next reaction without further characterization to give after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with toluene The material was dissolved in diethyl ether washed with 0.10 M aqueous sodium hydroxide, water and brine The organics were dried (K2CO3) rotary evaporated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In a manner similar to Example 12, Step (b), (4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)boronic acid (1.285 g, 0.00676 mol) was allowed to react with 4-(4′-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (1.356 g, 0.00500 mol) in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.173 g, 0.000150 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5.0 mL, 0.010 mol) in toluene (10 mL) to give, after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with chloroform to give 1.42 g of 4-oxo-4-(4′-trifluoromethyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid; mp 140-142° C. to give after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with chloroform

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In a manner similar to Example 12, Step (b), (3-fluoro-phenyl)boronic acid (0.7698 g, 0.005502 mol) was allowed to react with 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (1.356 g, 0.00500 mol) in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.173 g, 0.000150 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5.0 mL, 0.010 mol) in toluene (10 mL) to give, after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with chloroform (18×125 mL), 1.221 g of 4-(3′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid; mp 99-101° C. to give after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with chloroform (18×125 mL), 1.221 g of 4-(3′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid

Conditions: temp:105.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A stirred mixture of (4-cyano-phenyl)boronic acid (0.220 g, 0.00150 mol), 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (0.2715 g, 0.00100 mol), triethylamine (0.418 mL, 0.0030 mol), tri(O-toluyl)phosphine (0.0191 g, 0.0000628 mol) and palladium(II)acetate (0.0067 g, 0.000030 mol) in dry dimethylformamide (4.0 mL) was heated at 105° C. under nitrogen for 2 hours and allowed to cool. For convenience, allowed to stand overnight. The mixture was diluted with diethyl ether, and the resulting suspension was filtered through Celite. The Celite and filtercake were washed with additional diethyl ether then dichloromethane. The filtrate and washings were combined and washed with 0.5 M aqueous hydrochloric acid, water, 3% aqueous ammonium hydroxide, water, and brine. The organics were dried (Na2SO4) and rotary evaporated. The residue was dissolved (chloroform) and chromatographed on silica gel (35 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (4:1, 30×30 mL) to give 0.172 g of 4-(4′-cyano-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a pale yellow solid; mp 149-151° C. to cool the resulting suspension was filtered through Celite The Celite and filtercake were washed with additional diethyl ether washed with 0.5 M aqueous hydrochloric acid, water, 3% aqueous ammonium hydroxide, water, and brine The organics were dried (Na2SO4) and rotary evaporated The residue was dissolved (chloroform) chromatographed on silica gel (35 g, 230-400 mesh) eluting with hexanes-acetone (4:1, 30×30 mL)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In a manner similar to Example 12, Step (b), (4-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid (0.913 g, 0.00601 mol) was allowed to react with 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (1.356 g, 0.00500 mol) in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.173 g, 0.000150 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5.0 mL, 0.010 mol) in toluene (10 mL) to give, after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with dichloromethane (15×250 mL); dichloromethane-methanol (100:1, 19×225 mL; 50:1, 5×225 mL), 1.386 g of 4-(4′-methoxy-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid; mp 96.0-100.5° C. to give after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with dichloromethane (15×250 mL)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a stirred mixture of (4-methylphenyl)boronic acid (0.818 g, 0.00602 mol) and 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (1.3556 g, 0.00500 mol) in toluene (10 mL) was added tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(0) (0.173 g, 0.000150 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5.0 mL, 0.010 mol), and the mixture was heated at reflux under nitrogen for 12 hours and allowed to cool. The mixture was diluted with toluene and dichloromethane (10 mL/10 mL), and filtered through a pad of Celite. The Celite was washed with additional toluene and dichloromethane. Filtrate and washings were combined and washed with 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate, brine, 3% aqueous ammonium hydroxide, water, and brine. The organics were dried (Na2SO4) and rotary evaporated. The residue was dissolved in chloroform and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (144 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (6:1, 17×125 mL) to give 0.98 g of 4-(4′-methyl-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid; mp 121-122° C. the mixture was heated at reflux under nitrogen for 12 hours to cool filtered through a pad of Celite The Celite was washed with additional toluene and dichloromethane washed with 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate, brine, 3% aqueous ammonium hydroxide, water, and brine The organics were dried (Na2SO4) and rotary evaporated The residue was dissolved in chloroform purified by column chromatography on silica gel (144 g, 230-400 mesh) eluting with hexanes-acetone (6:1, 17×125 mL)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In a manner similar to Example 2, Step (a), bromobenzene (10.0 mL, 0.0950 mol) was allowed to react with 3-carbomethoxypropionyl chloride (12.9 mL, 0.105 mol) in the presence of aluminum chloride (26.9 g, 0.0202 mol) in dichloromethane to give, after chromatography on silica gel (435 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (9:1, 10×400 mL; 8:1, 7×400 mL), 21.2 g of 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as an off-white solid; mp 49-51° C. to give after chromatography on silica gel (435 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (9:1, 10×400 mL; 8:1, 7×400 mL), 21.2 g of 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as an off-white solid

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 4-(4-Bromophenyl)-4-oxobutyric acid (86.4 g, 0.336 mol) (Preparation 1) in MeOH (1.7 l) containing H2SO4 (86 ml) was refluxed for 21 h. After cooling, the light precipitate was filtered off and the reaction mixture concentrated to dryness. The obtained solid was placed in water and extracted twice with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with diluted NaOH and twice with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to yield the desired 4-(4-bromophenyl)-4-oxobutyric acid methyl ester as a low melting point solid (87.5 g, mp=50° C.). 1H NMR (CDCl3): 7.85 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 7.60 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.28 (2H, t, J=6.5 Hz), 2.76 (2H, t, J=6.5 Hz). was refluxed for 21 h After cooling the light precipitate was filtered off the reaction mixture concentrated to dryness extracted twice with EtOAc The organic layer was washed with diluted NaOH and twice with brine dried over Na2SO4 concentrated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In a manner similar to Example 12, Step (b), (3,4-dichloro-phenyl)boronic acid (1.0569 g, 0.005539 mol) was allowed to react with 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (1.3636 g, 0.005019 mol) in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine(palladium(0) (0.1054 g, 0.0000912 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5.5 mL, 0.011 mol) in toluene (11 mL) to give, after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (7:1) 1.432 g of 4-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid: mp 120-121° C. to give after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (7:1) 1.432 g of 4-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In a manner similar to Example 12, Step (b), (3,4-dichloro-phenyl)boronic acid (1.0569 g, 0.005539 mol) was allowed to react with 4-(4-bromo-phenyl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester (1.3636 g, 0.005019 mol) in the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine(palladium(0) (0.1054 g, 0.0000912 mol) and 2.0 M aqueous sodium carbonate (5.5 mL, 0.011 mol) in toluene (11 mL) to give, after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (7:1) 1.432 g of 4-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid: mp 120-121° C. to give after chromatography on silica gel (270 g, 230-400 mesh), eluting with hexanes-acetone (7:1) 1.432 g of 4-(3′,4′-dichloro-biphenyl-4-yl)-4-oxo-butyric acid, methyl ester as a white solid