2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In this experiment, an emulsion a styrene/butadiene/pyrrolidinoethyl styrene (PES) terpolymer was prepared. In the procedure used, 7.29 lbs. of soft water, 4.76 grams of sodium naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde dispersant (Daxad 14B from Hampshire Chemical Co., 47.5% active), 7.2 gms. of tripotassium phosphate, 140 grams of disproportionated rosin acid (potassium salt, 20% solution in water at pH 9.5), and 532 grams of C14-18 and C16-18 unsaturated fatty acids (potassium salt, 10% solution in water at pH 9.5) were charged into a 2-gallon stainless steel reactor. Prior to charging to the reactor, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 10.2-10.8 by the addition of a 10% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. Then, 100 grams of soft water, 0.32 grams of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid/ferric sodium complex (Akzo Nobel Chemicals Co.) and 1.08 grams of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate were added. Then, 580 grams of styrene, 22.5 grams of PES (92% purity), and 4.5 grams of tert-dodecylmercaptan were added.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In this experiment, an emulsion a styrene/butadiene/pyrrolidinoethyl styrene (PES) terpolymer was prepared. In the procedure used, 7.29 lbs. of soft water, 4.76 grams of sodium naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde dispersant (Daxad 14B from Hampshire Chemical Co., 47.5% active), 7.2 gms. of tripotassium phosphate, 140 grams of disproportionated rosin acid (potassium salt, 20% solution in water at pH 9.5), and 532 grams of C14-18 and C16-18 unsaturated fatty acids (potassium salt, 10% solution in water at pH 9.5) were charged into a 2-gallon stainless steel reactor. Prior to charging to the reactor, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 10.2-10.8 by the addition of a 10% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. Then, 100 grams of soft water, 0.32 grams of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid/ferric sodium complex (Akzo Nobel Chemicals Co.) and 1.08 grams of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate were added. Then, 580 grams of styrene, 22.5 grams of PES (92% purity), and 4.5 grams of tert-dodecylmercaptan were added.

Conditions: temp:75.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Distilled water in an amount of 115 parts by mass, 1 part by mass of calcium tertiary phosphate, and 0.001 parts by mass of DEMOL P (produced by Kao Corp.) were placed in a reaction vessel and stirred. A mixture of 25 parts by mass of acrylonitrile, 75 parts by mass of styrene, 0.5 parts by mass of t-dodecylmercaptan, 0.17 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, and 0.003 parts by mass of GAFAC GB-520 (produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was added to the reaction vessel to make them a state of suspension, heated up to 75° C., and maintained at the same temperature for 240 minutes to complete the polymerization thereby to obtain acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin (x-1). The resin (x-1) thus obtained had a chemical composition of acrylonitrile/styrene=34/66 (mass ratio). Distilled water in an amount of 115 parts by mass, 1 part by mass of calcium tertiary phosphate, and 0.001 parts by mass of DEMOL P (produced by Kao Corp.) were placed in a reaction vessel by mass of GAFAC GB-520 (produced by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was added to the reaction vessel maintained at the same temperature for 240 minutes the polymerization

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A rubber-reinforced styrene-based resin (C8-6) was produced by the following method. That is, 80 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.5 part of potassium rosinate, 0.1 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan, 30 parts (solid content) of a polybutadiene latex (average particle diameter: 2000 Å; gel content: 90%), 10 parts (solid content) of a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (styrene content: 25%; average particle diameter: 6000 Å), 15 parts of styrene and 5 parts of acrylonitrile were charged into a glass flask equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow, and heated while stirring. When an inside temperature of the flask reached 45° C., a solution prepared by dissolving 0.2 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 0.01 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 0.2 part of glucose in 20 parts of ion-exchanged water were added thereto. Thereafter, 0.07 part of cumene hydroperoxide was added to the flask to initiate polymerization of the contents in the flask. After conducting the polymerization for 1 hr, 50 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.7 part of potassium rosinate, 30 parts of styrene, 10 parts of acrylonitrile, 0.05 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan and 0.01 part of cumene hydroperoxide were continuously added to the flask over 3 hr, and the polymerization of the contents in the flask was further continued for 1 hr, and then 0.2 part of 2,2′-methylene-bis(4-ethyl-6-tert-butyl phenol) was added to the flask to complete the polymerization. The obtained reaction product in the form of a latex was coagulated with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, washed with water and then washed and neutralized with a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. Further, the resulting product was washed with water and then dried to obtain a rubber-reinforced styrene-acrylonitrile graft copolymer. It was confirmed that the thus obtained copolymer had a graft percentage of 68%, and the intrinsic viscosity [η] of an acetone-soluble component therein was 0.45 dL/g. was produced by the following method equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow heated reached 45° C. a solution prepared were added polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization for 1 hr the polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization The obtained reaction product in the form of washed with water washed Further, the resulting product was washed with water dried

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A rubber-reinforced styrene-based resin (C8-6) was produced by the following method. That is, 80 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.5 part of potassium rosinate, 0.1 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan, 30 parts (solid content) of a polybutadiene latex (average particle diameter: 2000 Å; gel content: 90%), 10 parts (solid content) of a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (styrene content: 25%; average particle diameter: 6000 Å), 15 parts of styrene and 5 parts of acrylonitrile were charged into a glass flask equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow, and heated while stirring. When an inside temperature of the flask reached 45° C., a solution prepared by dissolving 0.2 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 0.01 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 0.2 part of glucose in 20 parts of ion-exchanged water were added thereto. Thereafter, 0.07 part of cumene hydroperoxide was added to the flask to initiate polymerization of the contents in the flask. After conducting the polymerization for 1 hr, 50 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.7 part of potassium rosinate, 30 parts of styrene, 10 parts of acrylonitrile, 0.05 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan and 0.01 part of cumene hydroperoxide were continuously added to the flask over 3 hr, and the polymerization of the contents in the flask was further continued for 1 hr, and then 0.2 part of 2,2′-methylene-bis(4-ethyl-6-tert-butyl phenol) was added to the flask to complete the polymerization. The obtained reaction product in the form of a latex was coagulated with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, washed with water and then washed and neutralized with a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. Further, the resulting product was washed with water and then dried to obtain a rubber-reinforced styrene-acrylonitrile graft copolymer. It was confirmed that the thus obtained copolymer had a graft percentage of 68%, and the intrinsic viscosity [η] of an acetone-soluble component therein was 0.45 dL/g. was produced by the following method equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow heated reached 45° C. a solution prepared were added polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization for 1 hr the polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization The obtained reaction product in the form of washed with water washed Further, the resulting product was washed with water dried

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A rubber-reinforced styrene-based resin (C8-6) was produced by the following method. That is, 80 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.5 part of potassium rosinate, 0.1 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan, 30 parts (solid content) of a polybutadiene latex (average particle diameter: 2000 Å; gel content: 90%), 10 parts (solid content) of a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (styrene content: 25%; average particle diameter: 6000 Å), 15 parts of styrene and 5 parts of acrylonitrile were charged into a glass flask equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow, and heated while stirring. When an inside temperature of the flask reached 45° C., a solution prepared by dissolving 0.2 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 0.01 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 0.2 part of glucose in 20 parts of ion-exchanged water were added thereto. Thereafter, 0.07 part of cumene hydroperoxide was added to the flask to initiate polymerization of the contents in the flask. After conducting the polymerization for 1 hr, 50 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.7 part of potassium rosinate, 30 parts of styrene, 10 parts of acrylonitrile, 0.05 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan and 0.01 part of cumene hydroperoxide were continuously added to the flask over 3 hr, and the polymerization of the contents in the flask was further continued for 1 hr, and then 0.2 part of 2,2′-methylene-bis(4-ethyl-6-tert-butyl phenol) was added to the flask to complete the polymerization. The obtained reaction product in the form of a latex was coagulated with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, washed with water and then washed and neutralized with a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. Further, the resulting product was washed with water and then dried to obtain a rubber-reinforced styrene-acrylonitrile graft copolymer. It was confirmed that the thus obtained copolymer had a graft percentage of 68%, and the intrinsic viscosity [η] of an acetone-soluble component therein was 0.45 dL/g. was produced by the following method equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow heated reached 45° C. a solution prepared were added polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization for 1 hr the polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization The obtained reaction product in the form of washed with water washed Further, the resulting product was washed with water dried

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A rubber-reinforced styrene-based resin (C8-6) was produced by the following method. That is, 80 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.5 part of potassium rosinate, 0.1 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan, 30 parts (solid content) of a polybutadiene latex (average particle diameter: 2000 Å; gel content: 90%), 10 parts (solid content) of a styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (styrene content: 25%; average particle diameter: 6000 Å), 15 parts of styrene and 5 parts of acrylonitrile were charged into a glass flask equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow, and heated while stirring. When an inside temperature of the flask reached 45° C., a solution prepared by dissolving 0.2 part of sodium pyrophosphate, 0.01 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 0.2 part of glucose in 20 parts of ion-exchanged water were added thereto. Thereafter, 0.07 part of cumene hydroperoxide was added to the flask to initiate polymerization of the contents in the flask. After conducting the polymerization for 1 hr, 50 parts of ion-exchanged water, 0.7 part of potassium rosinate, 30 parts of styrene, 10 parts of acrylonitrile, 0.05 part of tert-dodecyl mercaptan and 0.01 part of cumene hydroperoxide were continuously added to the flask over 3 hr, and the polymerization of the contents in the flask was further continued for 1 hr, and then 0.2 part of 2,2′-methylene-bis(4-ethyl-6-tert-butyl phenol) was added to the flask to complete the polymerization. The obtained reaction product in the form of a latex was coagulated with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, washed with water and then washed and neutralized with a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. Further, the resulting product was washed with water and then dried to obtain a rubber-reinforced styrene-acrylonitrile graft copolymer. It was confirmed that the thus obtained copolymer had a graft percentage of 68%, and the intrinsic viscosity [η] of an acetone-soluble component therein was 0.45 dL/g. was produced by the following method equipped with a stirrer under a nitrogen flow heated reached 45° C. a solution prepared were added polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization for 1 hr the polymerization of the contents in the flask the polymerization The obtained reaction product in the form of washed with water washed Further, the resulting product was washed with water dried

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Seventy (70) parts by mass of styrene, 30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile, 1.0 part by mass of calcium phosphate, 0.03 part by mass of “GAFAC GB520” (trade name, dispersing agent, TOHO Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.), 0.6 part by mass of laurylperoxide, 1.0 part by mass of t-dodecylmercaptan, and 200 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water were charged in a stainless steel reactor equipped with an agitator. The temperature was elevated to 80° C. and polymerization was carried out for 6 hours to obtain a copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.6 dl/g (at 20° C. in N,N′-dimethylformamide) with 98% conversion. were charged in a stainless steel reactor equipped with an agitator was elevated to 80° C. polymerization to obtain a copolymer

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a reactor equipped with a stirring means, a heating and cooling means and a pipe for supplying starting materials and having an internal capacity of 300 l, 125.4 kg of deionized water, 3.4 kg of sodium salt of a higher fatty acid, 680 g of sodium pyrophosphate, 255 g of 25% sodium hydroxide, 1.7 kg of styrene, 51 g of t-dodecylmercaptan, 15.3 kg of butadiene and 127.5 g of potassium persulfate were charged, and polymerization was initiated at a temperature of 67° C. During the continuous polymerization reaction at this temperature, 6.8 kg of styrene, 204 g of t-dodecylmercaptan and 61.2 kg of butadiene were continuously added to the reactor during a period of from 1 hour after the initiation to 5 hours from the initiation. The polymerization reaction was continued for 6 hours. Then, the internal temperature was raised from 67° C. to 80° C. over a period of 1 hour and a half, and the reaction was further continued for 2 hours and 30 minutes. Immediately thereafter, the internal temperature was cooled to room temperature to obtain a butadiene-styrene rubber copolymer latex. The solid content in the latex was 40.7% by weight. The average particle size of rubber contained in the latex was 0.07 μm (as measured by a nanosizer manufactured by Coulter Electronics Company, USA). Into a reactor equipped with a stirring means a heating and cooling means were charged polymerization was initiated at a temperature of 67° C were continuously added to the reactor during a period of from 1 hour after the initiation to 5 hours from the initiation The polymerization reaction Then, the internal temperature was raised from 67° C. to 80° C. over a period of 1 hour a half, and the reaction was further continued for 2 hours and 30 minutes

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a clean, dry, nitrogen-purged, three liter, four neck, round bottom flask was charged 272.7 g of polybutadiene latex (Polysar PL-662) (55% polybutadiene). The flask was fitted with a stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and 1000 ml addition funnel. A solution was prepared by mixing 12.0 g sodium stearate, 0.9 g sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 g sodium hydroxide, 3.0 g potassium persulfate and 1322 g deionized water. The mixture was heated to 60° C. while stirring until a clear, homogeneous solution was obtained. This solution was then charged into the reaction flask to dilute the stirred polybutadiene latex. A solution containing 435.6 g of the mixture of Example 1, 164.4 g acrylonitrile and 2.7 g tert-dodecyl mercaptan was prepared and placed in the addition funnel. With stirring and the charge temperature controlled at 60° C., monomer addition was started and maintained at 0.5%/min. After all the monomer had been added, polymerization was allowed to proceed for one additional hour. The latex was sampled to determine conversion by measuring total solids content. Antioxidant was added to the latex in the form of 42 g of an 18% emulsion containing 2/1--TNPP/Irganox 1076. Into a clean, dry nitrogen-purged three liter, four neck, round bottom flask was charged 272.7 g of polybutadiene latex (Polysar PL-662) (55% polybutadiene) The flask was fitted with a stirrer thermometer, reflux condenser and 1000 ml addition funnel A solution was prepared was obtained This solution was then charged into the reaction flask was prepared With stirring controlled at 60° C. monomer addition maintained at 0.5%/min After all the monomer had been added polymerization The latex was sampled Antioxidant was added to the latex in the form of 42 g of an 18% emulsion containing 2/1

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a clean, dry, nitrogen-purged, three liter, four neck, round bottom flask was charged 272.7 g of polybutadiene latex (Polysar PL-662) (55% polybutadiene). The flask was fitted with a stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and 1000 ml addition funnel. A solution was prepared by mixing 12.0 g sodium stearate, 0.9 g sodium bicarbonate, 1.5 g sodium hydroxide, 3.0 g potassium persulfate and 1322 g deionized water. The mixture was heated to 60° C. while stirring until a clear, homogeneous solution was obtained. This solution was then charged into the reaction flask to dilute the stirred polybutadiene latex. A solution containing 435.6 g of the mixture of Example 1, 164.4 g acrylonitrile and 2.7 g tert-dodecyl mercaptan was prepared and placed in the addition funnel. With stirring and the charge temperature controlled at 60° C., monomer addition was started and maintained at 0.5%/min. After all the monomer had been added, polymerization was allowed to proceed for one additional hour. The latex was sampled to determine conversion by measuring total solids content. Antioxidant was added to the latex in the form of 42 g of an 18% emulsion containing 2/1--TNPP/Irganox 1076. Into a clean, dry nitrogen-purged three liter, four neck, round bottom flask was charged 272.7 g of polybutadiene latex (Polysar PL-662) (55% polybutadiene) The flask was fitted with a stirrer thermometer, reflux condenser and 1000 ml addition funnel A solution was prepared was obtained This solution was then charged into the reaction flask was prepared With stirring controlled at 60° C. monomer addition maintained at 0.5%/min After all the monomer had been added polymerization The latex was sampled Antioxidant was added to the latex in the form of 42 g of an 18% emulsion containing 2/1

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: In this experiment, an emulsion a styrene/butadiene/pyrrolidinoethyl styrene (PES) terpolymer was prepared. In the procedure used, 7.29 lbs. of soft water, 4.76 grams of sodium naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde dispersant (Daxad 14B from Hampshire Chemical Co., 47.5% active), 7.2 gms. of tripotassium phosphate, 140 grams of disproportionated rosin acid (potassium salt, 20% solution in water at pH 9.5), and 532 grams of C14-18 and C16-18 unsaturated fatty acids (potassium salt, 10% solution in water at pH 9.5) were charged into a 2-gallon stainless steel reactor. Prior to charging to the reactor, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 10.2-10.8 by the addition of a 10% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. Then, 100 grams of soft water, 0.32 grams of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid/ferric sodium complex (Akzo Nobel Chemicals Co.) and 1.08 grams of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate were added. Then, 580 grams of styrene, 22.5 grams of PES (92% purity), and 4.5 grams of tert-dodecylmercaptan were added.