1-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]piperazine

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:45.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a mixture of 2-amino-4,5-dichloro-3-nitropyridine (0.038 g, 0.18 mmol) and isopropanol (3 ml) was added 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperazine (0.042 g, 0.20 mmol) with the aid of isopropanol (0.5 ml) followed by diisopropylethylamine (0.035 ml, 0.20 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 45° C. for 18 h, then allowed to cool to room temperature, and diluted with isopropanol (4 ml). The precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with isopropanol and diethyl ether. The title compound was thus obtained as a yellow solid (0.034 g, 50%); 1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 2.48 (br s, obscured by DMSO peak, 4H, piperazine N(CH2)2), 3.06 (br s, 4H, piperazine N(CH2)2), 3.52 (s, 2H, NCH2), 6.95 (s, 2H, NH2), 7.35 (d, J=8.50 Hz, 2H) and 7.38 (d, J=8.55 Hz, 2H) (3,5-ArH and 2,6-ArH), 8.06 (s, 1H, 6-H); to cool to room temperature The precipitate was collected by filtration washed with isopropanol and diethyl ether

Conditions: temp:45.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a mixture of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-nitro-pyridin-2-ylamine (0.126 g, 0.50 mmol) and isopropanol (15 ml) was added 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperazine (0.115 g, 0.55 mmol) followed by diisopropylethylamine (0.10 ml, 0.55 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 45° C. for 18 h, then allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with isopropanol and diethyl ether. The title compound was thus obtained as a yellow solid (0.148 g, 70%); 1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 3.05 (br s, 4H, piperazine N(CH2)2), 3.52 (s, 2H, NCH2), 7.02 (s, 2H, NH2), 7.34 (d, J=8.52 Hz, 2H) and 7.38 (d, 2H) (3,5-ArH and 2,6-ArH), 8.16 (s, 1H, 6-H); LC (Method B)-MS (ESI, m/z): Rt=2.92 min—426, 428, 430 [(M+H)+, BrCl isotopic pattern]. to cool to room temperature The precipitate was collected by filtration washed with isopropanol and diethyl ether

Conditions: temp:55.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 1-(4-chloro-benzyl)-piperazine (70 mg, 0.33 mmol) in THF (10 ml) was added 4-{3-[3-(4-fluoro-phenoxy)-propyl]-2-imino-2,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-1-ylmethyl}-benzaldehyde, hydrobromide salt (0.20 g, 0.41 mmol), sodium cyanoborohydride (31 mg, 0.49 mmol), H2O (1 drop) and glacial acetic acid (0.068 ml). The reaction was warmed to 55° C. where it was maintained for 6 h. After this time, the mixture was cooled to rt and stirred for 16 h. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and then partitioned between 1N HCl and EtOAc. The organic layer was removed and the aqueous phase was made basic using 10% K2CO3. The basic aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by chromatography on silica eluting with MeOH/dichloromethane provided 1-{4-[4-(4-chloro-benzyl)-piperazin-1-ylmethyl]-benzyl}-3-[3-(4-fluoro-phenoxy)-propyl]-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-ylideneamine (23 mg, 11%). HPLC-MS 598 [M+1]+, 300. was maintained for 6 h After this time, the mixture was cooled to rt The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure partitioned between 1N HCl and EtOAc The organic layer was removed The basic aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc The organic layer was dried (Na2SO4) filtered concentrated under reduced pressure Purification by chromatography on silica eluting with MeOH/dichloromethane

Conditions: temp:105.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution 1-(4-bromo-benzyl)-3-[3-(4-fluoro-phenoxy)-propyl]-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-ylideneamine (0.25 g, 0.55 mmol) in toluene (20 ml) was added 1-(4-chloro-benzyl)-piperazine (0.16 g, 0.55 mmol), potassium t-butoxide (216 mg, 1.93 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (35 mg, 0.038 mmol) and BINAP (48 mg, 0.077 mmol). Nitrogen was bubbled through the suspension for 5 min and then the reaction was heated to 105° C. for 24 h. After this time, the mixture was cooled to rt and filtered. The collected solids were washed with additional toluene and then the combined filtrate and washings were concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by chromatography on silica to provide 1-{4-[4-(4-chloro-benzyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-benzyl}-3-[3-(4-fluoro-phenoxy)-propyl]-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-ylideneamine (57 mg, 18%). HPLC-MS 584 [M+1]+, 293. Nitrogen was bubbled through the suspension for 5 min After this time, the mixture was cooled to rt filtered The collected solids were washed with additional toluene the combined filtrate and washings were concentrated under reduced pressure The crude product was purified by chromatography on silica

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Analogously to Example 1a, 30 g (0.3 mol) ethyl acrylate and 63.2 g 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperazine are reacted in 200 ml ethanol to give 86.5 g (92.8% of theory) ethyl 3-[4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-propionate; b.p. 150° - 160° C./0.1 mm Hg.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir: