3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]prop-2-enal

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Using the procedure described by Konig et al., supra, for the preparation of 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde but replacing the 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde employed as starting material by 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, there was obtained 2,5-dimethoxycinnamaldehyde.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Using the procedure described by Konig et al., supra, for the preparation of 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde but replacing the 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde employed as starting material by 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, there was obtained 2,5-dimethoxycinnamaldehyde.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The general procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that 132.4 g (731 mmols) of 3 -methyl-4-nitrobenzoic acid was used instead of p-nitrobenzoic acid and 118.6 g (677 mmols) of 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde was used instead of 4-diethylaminobenzaldehyde, thereby obtaining 213.8 g (yield 97.4%) of α-[p-(dimethylamino)styryl]-N-(2-methyl-4-carboxyphenyl)nitrone with a purity of 96%. The results of the analyses of the thus obtained compound are shown below.

Conditions: temp:-65.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Butyllithium (24 mL of 2.5 N solution) was added to 120 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) at −65° C. A solution of diethylphosphonoacetic acid (5.5 g) in 45 mL of anhydrous THF was added dropwise to the stirred solution at −65° C. over a period of one hour. The resulting solution was stirred at −65° C. for an additional 30 minutes and then a solution of p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (5.0 g) in 80 mL of anhydrous THF was added to the reaction at −65° C. over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred overnight. The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water and extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times. The aqueous layer was acidified with 5% hydrochloric acid (11 mL) to a pH of 6.1. The solid formed was filtered, washed with 75 mL of water and dried to yield 3.83 g of the desired 5-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz), δ(ppm) 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.82 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, 2H), 5.84 (d, 1H), 2.94 (s, 6H). The reaction was stirred for one hour to warm to room temperature stirred overnight The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times The solid formed was filtered washed with 75 mL of water dried

Conditions: temp:-65.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Butyllithium (24 mL of 2.5 N solution) was added to 120 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) at −65° C. A solution of diethylphosphonoacetic acid (5.5 g) in 45 mL of anhydrous THF was added dropwise to the stirred solution at −65° C. over a period of one hour. The resulting solution was stirred at −65° C. for an additional 30 minutes and then a solution of p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (5.0 g) in 80 mL of anhydrous THF was added to the reaction at −65° C. over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred overnight. The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water and extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times. The aqueous layer was acidified with 5% hydrochloric acid (11 mL) to a pH of 6.1. The solid formed was filtered, washed with 75 mL of water and dried to yield 3.83 g of the desired 5-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz), δ(ppm) 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.82 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, 2H), 5.84 (d, 1H), 2.94 (s, 6H). The reaction was stirred for one hour to warm to room temperature stirred overnight The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times The solid formed was filtered washed with 75 mL of water dried

Conditions: temp:-65.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Butyllithium (24 mL of 2.5 N solution) was added to 120 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) at −65° C. A solution of diethylphosphonoacetic acid (5.5 g) in 45 mL of anhydrous THF was added dropwise to the stirred solution at −65° C. over a period of one hour. The resulting solution was stirred at −65° C. for an additional 30 minutes and then a solution of p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (5.0 g) in 80 mL of anhydrous THF was added to the reaction at −65° C. over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred overnight. The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water and extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times. The aqueous layer was acidified with 5% hydrochloric acid (11 mL) to a pH of 6.1. The solid formed was filtered, washed with 75 mL of water and dried to yield 3.83 g of the desired 5-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz), δ(ppm) 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.82 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, 2H), 5.84 (d, 1H), 2.94 (s, 6H). The reaction was stirred for one hour to warm to room temperature stirred overnight The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times The solid formed was filtered washed with 75 mL of water dried

Conditions: temp:-65.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Butyllithium (24 mL of 2.5 N solution) was added to 120 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) at −65° C. A solution of diethylphosphonoacetic acid (5.5 g) in 45 mL of anhydrous THF was added dropwise to the stirred solution at −65° C. over a period of one hour. The resulting solution was stirred at −65° C. for an additional 30 minutes and then a solution of p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (5.0 g) in 80 mL of anhydrous THF was added to the reaction at −65° C. over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred overnight. The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water and extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times. The aqueous layer was acidified with 5% hydrochloric acid (11 mL) to a pH of 6.1. The solid formed was filtered, washed with 75 mL of water and dried to yield 3.83 g of the desired 5-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz), δ(ppm) 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.82 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, 2H), 5.84 (d, 1H), 2.94 (s, 6H). The reaction was stirred for one hour to warm to room temperature stirred overnight The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times The solid formed was filtered washed with 75 mL of water dried

Conditions: temp:-65.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Butyllithium (24 mL of 2.5 N solution) was added to 120 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) at −65° C. A solution of diethylphosphonoacetic acid (5.5 g) in 45 mL of anhydrous THF was added dropwise to the stirred solution at −65° C. over a period of one hour. The resulting solution was stirred at −65° C. for an additional 30 minutes and then a solution of p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (5.0 g) in 80 mL of anhydrous THF was added to the reaction at −65° C. over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred overnight. The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water and extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times. The aqueous layer was acidified with 5% hydrochloric acid (11 mL) to a pH of 6.1. The solid formed was filtered, washed with 75 mL of water and dried to yield 3.83 g of the desired 5-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz), δ (ppm) 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.82 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, 2H), 5.84 (d, 1H), 2.94 (s, 6H). The reaction was stirred for one hour to warm to room temperature stirred overnight The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times The solid formed was filtered washed with 75 mL of water dried

Conditions: temp:-65.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Butyllithium (24 mL of 2.5 N solution) was added to 120 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) at −65° C. A solution of diethylphosphonoacetic acid (5.5 g) in 45 mL of anhydrous THF was added dropwise to the stirred solution at −65° C. over a period of one hour. The resulting solution was stirred at −65° C. for an additional 30 minutes and then a solution of p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (5.0 g) in 80 mL of anhydrous THF was added to the reaction at −65° C. over a period of 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred overnight. The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water and extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times. The aqueous layer was acidified with 5% hydrochloric acid (11 mL) to a pH of 6.1. The solid formed was filtered, washed with 75 mL of water and dried to yield 3.83 g of the desired 5-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-2,4-pentadienoic acid. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz), δ (ppm) 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.82 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, 2H), 5.84 (d, 1H), 2.94 (s, 6H). The reaction was stirred for one hour to warm to room temperature stirred overnight The reaction was then quenched with 400 mL of water extracted with 300 mL of ethyl acetate three times The solid formed was filtered washed with 75 mL of water dried

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Using the procedure described by Konig et al., supra, for the preparation of 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde but replacing the 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde employed as starting material by 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, there was obtained 2,5-dimethoxycinnamaldehyde.

Conditions: temp:5.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 5.7 g of 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde, 16.2 g of 1,1-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethane, 300.0 ml of ethyl alcohol and 6.0 ml of glacial acetic acid was refluxed approximately eighteen hours. After cooling slightly an additional 3.0 g of 1,1-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethane was added and reflux maintained for an additional four hours. The resulting reaction mixture was cooled to approximately 5° C. and the solid which formed was collected by filtration. The solid was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol, filtered and dried to obtain 16.3 g of bis{[2,2-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)]ethenyl}[2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethenyl]methane (Formula II: R,R1,R3,R4,R9 and R10 =CH3 ; R2, R5 and R11 =H) a yellow solid which melted at 78°-82° C. Significant infrared maxims appeared at 1610 cm-1 (v.s.) and 830 cm-1 (v.s.). An acetone solution of the product spotted onto clay, phenolic resin and organic acid coated papers slowly developed a blue-colored image. Exposure of the spotted papers to bromine vapor increased the speed of color development. was refluxed approximately eighteen hours was added reflux maintained for an additional four hours The resulting reaction mixture the solid which formed was collected by filtration The solid was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol filtered dried

Conditions: temp:5.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 5.7 g of 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde, 16.2 g of 1,1-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethane, 300.0 ml of ethyl alcohol and 6.0 ml of glacial acetic acid was refluxed approximately eighteen hours. After cooling slightly an additional 3.0 g of 1,1-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethane was added and reflux maintained for an additional four hours. The resulting reaction mixture was cooled to approximately 5° C. and the solid which formed was collected by filtration. The solid was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol, filtered and dried to obtain 16.3 g of bis{[2,2-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)]ethenyl}[2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethenyl]methane (Formula II: R,R1,R3,R4,R9 and R10 =CH3 ; R2, R5 and R11 =H) a yellow solid which melted at 78°-82° C. Significant infrared maxims appeared at 1610 cm-1 (v.s.) and 830 cm-1 (v.s.). An acetone solution of the product spotted onto clay, phenolic resin and organic acid coated papers slowly developed a blue-colored image. Exposure of the spotted papers to bromine vapor increased the speed of color development. was refluxed approximately eighteen hours was added reflux maintained for an additional four hours The resulting reaction mixture the solid which formed was collected by filtration The solid was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol filtered dried