5-(methoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: An amount of 100 g glucose was added to 800 mL of a mixture of methanol and water (5 vol % water) that contained 55 mmol (5.4 gr) sulphuric acid. The admixture obtained was stirred at 60° C. until all solids were dissolved in about 4 hours. After the dissolution, the volume of the solution is adjusted to 1 L by adding a mixture of methanol and water (5 vol % water). The solution obtained which contains a mixture of glucose and glucosides was passed through a plug flow reactor that was heated at different temperatures, varying from 200 to 220° C. The residence time in the heated zone of the reactor was also varied and was set at 2, 4 or 8 minutes. The pressure in the reactor was maintained at 65 bar. After having obtained a steady state condition in the reactor the product stream was analysed. The analysis determined the conversion (1 minus the number of moles of glucose and glucosides in the product stream divided by the number of moles of glucose in the starting material, expressed in percent), and the yields for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (“HMF”), 5-methoxymethylfurfural (“MMF”), methyllevulinate (“Me-Lev”) and levulinic acid (“LA”). The yield is expressed in percent and has been calculated as the number of moles of the compound in question divided by the initial moles of glucose times 100. The results are shown in Table 5. The admixture obtained were dissolved in about 4 hours After the dissolution by adding The solution obtained which was passed through a plug flow reactor that was heated at different temperatures varying from 200 to 220° C was set at 2, 4 or 8 minutes The pressure in the reactor was maintained at 65 bar After having obtained a steady state condition in the reactor the product stream

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: An amount of 200 g fructose was added to 800 mL of a mixture of methanol and water (5 vol % water) that contained 55 mmol (5.4 gr) sulphuric acid. The admixture obtained was stirred at 60° C. until all solids were dissolved in about 2 hours. The solution was cooled down and a methanol/water mixture (5 vol % water) was added until 1.0 L of an homogeneous, clear solution was obtained. After dissolving the fructose the solution obtained was passed through a plug flow reactor that was heated at different temperatures, varying from 180 to 220° C. The residence time in the heated zone of the reactor was also varied and was set at 2 or 4 minutes. The pressure in this step was maintained at 65 bar. After having obtained a steady state condition in the reactor the product stream was analysed. The analysis determined the conversion (1 minus the number of moles of fructose in the product stream divided by the number of moles of fructose in the starting material, expressed in percent), and the yields for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), 5-methoxymethylfurfural (“MMF”), methyllevulinate (“Me-Lev”) and levulinic acid (“LA”). The yield is expressed in percent and has been calculated as the number of moles of the compound in question divided by the initial amount of moles of fructose times 100. The results are shown in Table 3. The admixture obtained were dissolved in about 2 hours The solution was cooled down was obtained obtained was passed through a plug flow reactor that was heated at different temperatures varying from 180 to 220° C was set at 2 or 4 minutes The pressure in this step was maintained at 65 bar After having obtained a steady state condition in the reactor the product stream

Conditions: temp:90.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a screw-capped test tube, N-(2-thienylcarbonyl)glycine (56 mg, 0.3 mmol), 5-(methoxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde (46 mg, 0.3 mmol), sodium acetate (25 mg, 0.3 mmol) and acetic anhydride (0.3 mL) were added. The test tube was sealed, and it was then stirred at an external temperature of 90° C. Three hours later, the temperature of the reaction solution was returned to room temperature, and water (1.5 mL) was then added thereto. The obtained mixture was stirred at the same temperature as described above for 1.5 hours. Thereafter, the precipitated crystal was collected by filtration, and it was washed with water (5 mL) and was then dried under reduced pressure, so as to obtain 44 mg of the above-captioned compound. The test tube was sealed Three hours was returned to room temperature The obtained mixture was stirred at the same temperature as described above for 1.5 hours Thereafter, the precipitated crystal was collected by filtration, and it was washed with water (5 mL) was then dried under reduced pressure