3-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)oxypropanenitrile

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Sodium hydride [50% w/w in mineral oil] (2.0 g) was added to a slurry of 1-benzyl-4-piperidinol (400 g) and acrylonitrile (530 g) at 0° C. over 1 hour. The reaction mixture was warmed slowly to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours after which time the acrylonitrile was removed under reduced pressure and the residue taken up in isopropanol (1 L). The resulting yellow precipitate was filtered off. The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford an orange oil which was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with water. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by distillation to afford 2-[(1-benzyl-4-piperidyl)oxy]ethyl cyanide (308 g), b.p. 150-160° C. @ 0.2 mmHg. was removed under reduced pressure The resulting yellow precipitate was filtered off The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford an orange oil which washed with water The organic layer was separated dried over magnesium sulphate the solvent removed under reduced pressure The crude product was purified by distillation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Sodium hydride [50% w/w in mineral oil] (2.0 g) was added to a slurry of 1-benzyl-4-piperidinol (400 g) and acrylonitrile (530 g) at 0° C. over 1 hour. The reaction mixture was warmed slowly to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours after which time the acrylonitrile was removed under reduced pressure and the residue taken up in isopropanol (1 L). The resulting yellow precipitate was filtered off. The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford an orange oil which was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with water. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by distillation to afford 2-[(1-benzyl-4-piperidyl)oxy]ethyl cyanide (308 g), b.p. 150-160° C. @ 0.2 mmHg. was removed under reduced pressure The resulting yellow precipitate was filtered off The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford an orange oil which washed with water The organic layer was separated dried over magnesium sulphate the solvent removed under reduced pressure The crude product was purified by distillation

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 10.0 g (40.9 mmol) 3-(1-benylpiperidin-4-yloxy)-propionitrile are dissolved in 100 ml ethanol and added to a spatula tip of Raney-Nickel. The mixture is stirred at RT under hydrogen atmosphere until the uptake of the theoretical amount of hydrogen (ca. two days). The mixture is filtered from the catalyst and the solvent is removed under vacuum. The residue is distilled in a bulb tube apparatus. Yield of colorless oil: 7.5 g (73%). The mixture is filtered from the catalyst the solvent is removed under vacuum The residue is distilled in a bulb tube apparatus

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 10.0 g (40.9 mmol) 3-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yloxy)-propionitrile are dissolved in 100 ml ethanol and added to a spatula tip of Raney-Nickel. The mixture is stirred at RT under hydrogen atmosphere until the uptake of the theoretical amount of hydrogen (ca. 2 days). The mixture is filtered from the catalyst and the solvent is removed under vacuum. The residue is distilled in a ball-pipe apparatus. Yield of colorless oil: 7.5 g (73%) The mixture is filtered from the catalyst the solvent is removed under vacuum The residue is distilled in a ball-pipe apparatus

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 10 g (40.9 mmol) 3-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yloxy)-propionitrile are dissolved in 100 ml ethanol and added to a spatula tip Raney-Nickel. The mixture is stirred at RT and under hydrogen atmosphere until the consumption of the theoretical amount of hydrogen to be taken up (ca. two days). Subsequently, this is filtered from the catalyst and the solvent is removed under vacuum. The residue is distilled in a bulb tube apparatus. Yield of a colorless oil: 7.5 g (73%). (ca. two days) Subsequently, this is filtered from the catalyst the solvent is removed under vacuum The residue is distilled in a bulb tube apparatus

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 10 g (40.9 mmol) 3-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yloxy)-propionitrile are dissolved in 100 ml ethanol and added to a spatula tip Raney-Nickel. The mixture is stirred at RT and under hydrogen atmosphere until the consumption of the theoretical amount of hydrogen to be taken up (ca. two days). Subsequently, this is filtered from the catalyst and the solvent is removed under vacuum. The residue is distilled in a bulb tube apparatus. Yield of a colorless oil: 7.5 g (73%). (ca. two days) Subsequently, this is filtered from the catalyst the solvent is removed under vacuum The residue is distilled in a bulb tube apparatus

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Sodium hydride [50% w/w in mineral oil] (2.0 g) was added to a slurry of 1-benzyl-4-piperidinol (400 g) and acrylonitrile (530 g) at 0° C. over 1 hour. The reaction mixture was warmed slowly to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours after which time the acrylonitrile was removed under reduced pressure and the residue taken up in isopropanol (1 L). The resulting yellow precipitate was filtered off. The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford an orange oil which was dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with water. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by distillation to afford 2-[(1-benzyl-4-piperidyl)oxy]ethyl cyanide (308 g), b.p. 150-160° C. @ 0.2 mmHg. was removed under reduced pressure The resulting yellow precipitate was filtered off The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford an orange oil which washed with water The organic layer was separated dried over magnesium sulphate the solvent removed under reduced pressure The crude product was purified by distillation