(2R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of D-Leucinamide (6.0 mmol) in acetonitrile (35 mL) was added 1,3-propanesultone (666 mg, 5.5 mmol). The solution was stirred at reflux for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The solid was filtered and washed with MeCN (2×20 mL). The solid was suspended in EtOH (50 mL). The suspension was stirred at reflux for 1 hour. The mixture was cooled to room temperature. The solid material was filtered, washed with acetone (1×20 mL) and dried in a vacuum oven (50° C.), affording the title compound (1.03 g, 74%): 1H NMR (D2O, 500 MHz) δ ppm 3.81 (m, 1H), 3.07 (m, 2H), 2.85 (t, 2H, J=7.3 Hz), 2.03 (m, 2H), 1.68 (t, 1H, J=7.8 Hz), 1.58 (m, 2H), 0.83 (m, 6H). 13C (D2O, 125 MHz) δ ppm 171.45, 59.39, 48.01, 45.41, 39.02, 24.24, 22.21, 21.47, 21.13. [α]D=−13.7° (c=0.0019 in water), ES-MS 251 (M−1). at reflux for 2 hours The solid was filtered washed with MeCN (2×20 mL) The suspension was stirred at reflux for 1 hour The mixture was cooled to room temperature The solid material was filtered washed with acetone (1×20 mL) dried in a vacuum oven (50° C.)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: D-Leucinamide (1.0 g, 6.0 mmol), 1-(t-butyloxycarbonyl)-5-formylindole (Example 1, 1.23 g, 5.0 mmol) and DCE (15 mL) were mixed at room temperature. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.48 g, 7.0 mmol) was added in one portion with vigorous stirring. After 2 h, another portion (0.15 g, 0.7 mmol) was added and stirring was continued for an additional 6 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with a saturated NaHCO3 solution (10 mL). Three extractions with EtOAc, washing the combined organic layers with brine, drying over Na2SO4 and filtration provided a solution. Removal of solvent in vacuo afforded an oil. Column chromatography (DCM:MeOH:95:5) provided three fractions, after removal of solvent in vacuo: (1) 1-(t-Butyloxycarbonyl)-5-hydroxymethylindole (162 mg, 11% yield, Rf=0.5): 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz): 8.11 (d, 1H, J=8), 7.61 (d, 1H, J=2), 7.54 (s, 1H), 7.31 (dd, 1H, J=8,2), 6.55 (d, 1H, J=3), 4.75 (s, 2H), 1.69 (s, 9H); (2) 2R-bis-(1-t-butyloxycarbonylindol-5-ylmethyl)amino-4-methylpentanamide BMS594447 (382 mg, 12% yield, Rf=0.4): 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz): 8.1 (d, 2H, J=8), 7.61 (d, 2H, J=2), 7.52 (s, 2H), 7.31 (dd, 2H, J=8,2), 6.62 (m, 1H), 6.56 (d, 2H, J=4), 6.05 (br s, 1H), 3.85 (d, 2H, J=16), 3.66 (d, 2H, J=16), 3.35 (m, 1H), 1.69 (s, 18H), 0.96 (d, 3H, J=7), 0.87 (d, 3H, J=7); MS (ES+): 589.4 (C35H45N3O5) and (3) the title product (986 mg, 55% yield, Rf=0.3): 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz): 8.10 (d, 1H, J=8), 7.61 (d, 1H, J=2), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=1), 7.28–7.20 (m, 3H), 6.55 (d, 1H, J=4), 3.93 (d, 1H, J=16), 3.77 (d, 1H, J=16), 3.28–3.20 (m, 1H), 1.69 (s, 9H), 0.94 (d, 3H, J=7), 0.85 (d, 3H, J=7); MS (ES+): 360 (C20H30N3O3, M++H). another portion (0.15 g, 0.7 mmol) was added was continued for an additional 6 h Three extractions with EtOAc washing the combined organic layers with brine drying over Na2SO4 and filtration provided a solution Removal of solvent in vacuo afforded an oil after removal of solvent in vacuo

Conditions: temp:85.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 4,6-dichloro-2-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-7-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridin-3(2H)-one (200 mg, 0.539 mmol), (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (140 mg, 1.078 mmol), and N-isopropyl-N-methylpropan-2-amine (310 mg, 2.69 mmol) in acetonitrile (2 mL) was stirred at 85° C. for 3 d. The resulting crude material was reconstituted in MeOH/DCM/DMF (10.0 mL) and purified via preparative HPLC. The fractions were collected and stripped to dryness via rotary evaporation to yield the title compound (83 mg, 33%). [M+H] calc'd for C22H26ClFN4O4, 465. found, 465. purified via preparative HPLC The fractions were collected stripped to dryness via rotary evaporation

Conditions: temp:150.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of methyl 6-chloro-4-cyano-2-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)nicotinate (82.9 mg, 0.300 mmol) and (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (39.0 mg, 0.300 mmol) in DMA (2 mL) was stirred at 150° C. for 12 h. Water was subsequently added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3, water, and brine, were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, EtOAc) to give the title compound as a yellow oil (11.7 mg, 11%). the mixture was extracted with EtOAc The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3, water, and brine were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 filtered The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, EtOAc)

Conditions: temp:150.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of methyl 6-chloro-4-cyano-2-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)nicotinate (82.9 mg, 0.300 mmol) and (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (39.0 mg, 0.300 mmol) in DMA (2 mL) was stirred at 150° C. for 12 h. Water was subsequently added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3, water, and brine, were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, EtOAc) to give the title compound as a yellow oil (11.7 mg, 11%). the mixture was extracted with EtOAc The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3, water, and brine were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 filtered The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, EtOAc)

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of methyl 6-chloro-4-cyano-2-(3-(methylsulfonyl)phenylamino)nicotinate (120.7 mg, 0.330 mmol), (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (67.1 mg, 0.515 mmol), and Et3N (0.1 mL, 0.717 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was stirred at 60° C. for 14 h. Saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL) was added to the mixture, which was subsequently extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL). The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and filtered (DM1020). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, hexanes/EtOAc=1/2) and then triturated with IPE to give the title compound (76 mg, 50%). was subsequently extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL) The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL) were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 filtered (DM1020) The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, hexanes/EtOAc=1/2) triturated with IPE

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of methyl 6-chloro-4-cyano-2-(3-(methylsulfonyl)phenylamino)nicotinate (120.7 mg, 0.330 mmol), (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (67.1 mg, 0.515 mmol), and Et3N (0.1 mL, 0.717 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was stirred at 60° C. for 14 h. Saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL) was added to the mixture, which was subsequently extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL). The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and filtered (DM1020). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, hexanes/EtOAc=1/2) and then triturated with IPE to give the title compound (76 mg, 50%). was subsequently extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL) The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL) were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 filtered (DM1020) The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, hexanes/EtOAc=1/2) triturated with IPE

Conditions: temp:85.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 4,6-dichloro-2-(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-7-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyridin-3(2H)-one (200 mg, 0.539 mmol), (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (140 mg, 1.078 mmol), and N-isopropyl-N-methylpropan-2-amine (310 mg, 2.69 mmol) in acetonitrile (2 mL) was stirred at 85° C. for 3 d. The resulting crude material was reconstituted in MeOH/DCM/DMF (10.0 mL) and purified via preparative HPLC. The fractions were collected and stripped to dryness via rotary evaporation to yield the title compound (83 mg, 33%). [M+H] calc'd for C22H26ClFN4O4, 465; found, 465. purified via preparative HPLC The fractions were collected stripped to dryness via rotary evaporation

Conditions: temp:150.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of methyl 6-chloro-4-cyano-2-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)nicotinate (82.9 mg, 0.300 mmol) and (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (39.0 mg, 0.300 mmol) in DMA (2 mL) was stirred at 150° C. for 12 h. Water was subsequently added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3, water, and brine, were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, EtOAc) to give the title compound as a yellow oil (11.7 mg, 11%). the mixture was extracted with EtOAc The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3, water, and brine were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 filtered The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, EtOAc)

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of methyl 6-chloro-4-cyano-2-(3-(methylsulfonyl)phenylamino)nicotinate (120.7 mg, 0.330 mmol), (R)-2-amino-4-methylpentanamide (67.1 mg, 0.515 mmol), and Et3N (0.1 mL, 0.717 mmol) in DMF (4 mL) was stirred at 60° C. for 14 h. Saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL) was added to the mixture, which was subsequently extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL). The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and filtered (DM1020). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, hexanes/EtOAc=1/2) and then triturated with IPE to give the title compound (76 mg, 50%). was subsequently extracted with EtOAc (2×30 mL) The organic layers were washed with saturated aq NaHCO3 (20 mL), water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL) were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 filtered (DM1020) The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure The residue was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, hexanes/EtOAc=1/2) triturated with IPE

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The above polymer-bound D-Leu-NH2 (20 g) was treated with CH2Cl2 (150 mL), pyridine (100 mL) and 4-chlorophenylsulfonyl chloride (20.0 g, 94.8 mmol). The mixture was shaken for 24 h, drained, washed with DMF (4×200 mL), CH2Cl2 (4×200 mL) and concentrated to give polymer-bound (R)-2-(4-chlorobenzenesulfonylamino)-4-methylpentanoic acid amide as a yellow resin (22 g). The completion of the reaction and the loading of the resin (0.57 mmol/g) were determined by the treatment of 50 mg of the resin with 10% (v/v) TFA/CH2Cl2 (2 mL) to give 8.7 mg of (R)-2-(4-chlorobenzenesulfonylamino)-4-methylpentanoic acid amide. washed with DMF (4×200 mL), CH2Cl2 (4×200 mL) concentrated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Polymer-bound D-Leu-NH2: FMOC-protected Rink amide resin (30 g, 0.61 mmol/g, 18 mmol) was treated with piperidine/DMF solution (250 mL). The mixture was shaken at rt for 24 h, drained, washed with DMF (5×200 mL), CH2Cl2 (5×200 mL) and dried under vacuum. The resin was then treated with FMOC-D-Leu-OH (22 g, 62 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (2.5 g, 18 mmol), 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide (9.8 mL, 62 mmol), and DMF (250 mL). The mixture was shaken for 20 h, drained, washed with DMF (4×200 mL), DMF-water (1:1, 3×200 mL), DMF (3×200 mL), MeOH (3×200 mL), CH2Cl2 (3×200 mL) and dried. The completion of reaction and the loading of the resin-bound FMOC-D-Leu-NH2 (0.56 mmol/g) were determined by the treatment of 52 mg of the resin with 10% (v/v) TFA/CH2Cl2 (2 mL) to give 11 mg of FMOC-D-Leu-NH2. The resin-bound FMOC-D-Leu-NH2 was deprotected with 20% (v/v) piperidine/DMF solution (250 mL) to give polymer-bound D-Leu-NH2 (20 g).