(2R)-2-(trifluoromethyl)oxirane

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a suspension of NaH (390 mg, 8.9 mmol, 55% in mineral oil) in THF (10 mL) at 0° C. was added 4-methoxybenzylalcohol (1.27 g, 8.92 mmol) in THF (5 mL). After 1 h stirring at 0° C. R-(+)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1,2-epoxypropane (500 mg, 4.46 mmol) was added to a 20 mL microwave vial via syringe. The closed vial was heated at 100° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted twice with Et2O. The organic phase was washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated. Chromatography over silica (cyclohexane-EtOAc 95:5 to cyclohexane-EtOAc 75:25) afforded the title compound: ESIMS [M+NH4]+=268; 1H NMR (360 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.29 (d, 2H), 6.94 (d, 2H), 4.56 (s, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.74 (dd, 1H), 3.66 (dd, 1H), 2.88 (d, 1H). The closed vial was heated at 100° C. for 18 h extracted twice with Et2O The organic phase was washed with brine dried over MgSO4 filtered evaporated

Conditions: temp:160.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine was prepared as described in Procedures 4, 5 and 6. (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine (50 mg, 0.133 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (0.26 mL). (R)-2-(trifluoromethyl)oxirane (0.07 mL, 0.625 mmol), (approximate 85:15 ratio of R to S) was added to the solution in a microwave vial followed by Yb(OSO2CF3)3 (0.005 g, 0.008 mmol). The sealed vial was heated to 160° C. for 30 minutes under microwave irradiation. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC using 30-100% acetonitrile in H2O with 0.1% TFA as mobile phase to give (R)-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-((R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethylamino)propan-2-ol as a colorless oil (30 mg, 46% yield). LC-MS (ESI): 361.15 (M+H), retention time=4.10 min (0-100% MeOH in H2O with 0.1% TFA); Analytical HPLC: 3.49 min (CH3CN in H2O with 0.1% TFA in 4 min run, purity 100%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ ppm 2.59-2.73 (m, 1H), 2.72-2.84 (m, 1H), 3.69 (m, 2H), 4.09 (m, 1H), 6.61-6.82 (m, 2H), 7.00-7.19 (m, 5H), 7.20-7.48 (m, 5H). The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (1.43 g, 9.17 mmol) in CH3CN (30 ml) was added (R)-(+)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1,2-epoxypropane (10.77 g, 96 mmol) slowly at −10° C. After 5 minutes benzylamine (10 ml, 92 mmol) was added slowly. The mixture was allowed to warm as the bath warmed to rt overnight. The mixture was concentrated. The crude product was subjected to silica gel chromatography (330 g, 0-50% EtOAc/hexanes, 10 minute gradient) to afford (R)-3-(benzylamino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol (4-2, 15.9 g, 79%) as a white solid. LRMS m/z (M+H)+ 220.2 calc. 220.1 found. to warm as the bath The mixture was concentrated was subjected to silica gel chromatography (330 g, 0-50% EtOAc/hexanes, 10 minute gradient)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (1.43 g, 9.17 mmol) in CH3CN (30 ml) was added (R)-(+)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1,2-epoxypropane (10.77 g, 96 mmol) slowly at −10° C. After 5 minutes benzylamine (10 ml, 92 mmol) was added slowly. The mixture was allowed to warm as the bath warmed to rt overnight. The mixture was concentrated. The crude product was subjected to silica gel chromatography (330 g, 0-50% EtOAc/hexanes, 10 minute gradient) to afford (R)-3-(benzylamino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol (4-2, 15.9 g, 79%) as a white solid. LRMS m/z (M+H)+ 220.2 calc. 220.1 found. to warm as the bath The mixture was concentrated was subjected to silica gel chromatography (330 g, 0-50% EtOAc/hexanes, 10 minute gradient)

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a suspension of NaH (390 mg, 8.9 mmol, 55% in mineral oil) in THF (10 mL) at 0° C. was added 4-methoxybenzylalcohol (1.27 g, 8.92 mmol) in THF (5 mL). After 1 h stirring at 0° C. R-(+)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1,2-epoxypropane (500 mg, 4.46 mmol) was added to a 20 mL microwave vial via syringe. The closed vial was heated at 100° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted twice with Et2O. The organic phase was washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated. Chromatography over silica (cyclohexane-EtOAc 95:5 to cyclohexane-EtOAc 75:25) afforded the title compound: ESIMS [M+NH4]+=268; 1H NMR (360 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.29 (d, 2H), 6.94 (d, 2H), 4.56 (s, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.74 (dd, 1H), 3.66 (dd, 1H), 2.88 (d, 1H). The closed vial was heated at 100° C. for 18 h extracted twice with Et2O The organic phase was washed with brine dried over MgSO4 filtered evaporated

Conditions: temp:160.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine was prepared as described in Procedures 4, 5 and 6. (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine (50 mg, 0.133 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (0.26 mL). (R)-2-(trifluoromethyl)oxirane (0.07 mL, 0.625 mmol), (approximate 85:15 ratio of R to S) was added to the solution in a microwave vial followed by Yb(OSO2CF3)3 (0.005 g, 0.008 mmol). The sealed vial was heated to 160° C. for 30 minutes under microwave irradiation. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC using 30-100% acetonitrile in H2O with 0.1% TFA as mobile phase to give (R)-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-((R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethylamino)propan-2-ol as a colorless oil (30 mg, 46% yield). LC-MS (ESI): 361.15 (M+H), retention time=4.10 min (0-100% MeOH in H2O with 0.1% TFA); Analytical HPLC: 3.49 min (CH3CN in H2O with 0.1% TFA in 4 min run, purity 100%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ ppm 2.59-2.73 (m, 1H), 2.72-2.84 (m, 1H), 3.69 (m, 2H), 4.09 (m, 1H), 6.61-6.82 (m, 2H), 7.00-7.19 (m, 5H), 7.20-7.48 (m, 5H). The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC

Conditions: temp:160.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine was prepared as described in Procedures 4, 5 and 6. (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine (50 mg, 0.133 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (0.26 mL). (R)-2-(trifluoromethyl)oxirane (0.07 mL, 0.625 mmol), (approximate 85:15 ratio of R to 5) was added to the solution in a microwave vial followed by Yb(OSO2CF3)3 (0.005 g, 0.008 mmol). The sealed vial was heated to 160° C. for 30 minutes under microwave irradiation. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC using 30-100% acetonitrile in H2O with 0.1% TFA as mobile phase to give (R)-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-((R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethylamino)propan-2-ol as a colorless oil (30 mg, 46% yield). LC-MS (ESI): 361.15 (M+H), retention time=4.10 min (0-100% MeOH in H2O with 0.1% TFA); Analytical HPLC: 3.49 min (CH3CN in H2O with 0.1% TFA in 4 min run, purity 100%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ ppm 2.59-2.73 (m, 1H), 2.72-2.84 (m, 1 H), 3.69 (m, 2H), 4.09 (m, 1H), 6.61-6.82 (m, 2H), 7.00-7.19 (m, 5H), 7.20-7.48 (m, 5H). The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC

Conditions: temp:160.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine was prepared as described in Procedures 4, 5 and 6. (R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethanamine (50 mg, 0.133 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (0.26 mL). (R)-2-(trifluoromethyl)oxirane (0.07 mL, 0.625 mmol), (approximate 85:15 ratio of R to 5) was added to the solution in a microwave vial followed by Yb(OSO2CF3)3 (0.005 g, 0.008 mmol). The sealed vial was heated to 160° C. for 30 minutes under microwave irradiation. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC using 30-100% acetonitrile in H2O with 0.1% TFA as mobile phase to give (R)-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-((R)-1-(3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethylamino)propan-2-ol as a colorless oil (30 mg, 46% yield). LC-MS (ESI): 361.15 (M+H), retention time=4.10 min (0-100% MeOH in H2O with 0.1% TFA); Analytical HPLC: 3.49 min (CH3CN in H2O with 0.1% TFA in 4 min run, purity 100%); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ ppm 2.59-2.73 (m, 1H), 2.72-2.84 (m, 1H), 3.69 (m, 2H), 4.09 (m, 1H), 6.61-6.82 (m, 2H), 7.00-7.19 (m, 5H), 7.20-7.48 (m, 5H). The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of N2′-(trans-4-aminocyclohexyl)-5′-chloro-N6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-2,4′-bipyridine-2′,6-diamine (50 mg, 0.120 mmol) in 2-propanol (0.8 mL) was added (R)-(+)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1,2-epoxypropane (10.4 uL, 0.120 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 17 hr. The reaction mixture was concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC and lyophilized to give 63 mg of (R)-3-(trans-4-(5′-chloro-6-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)amino-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-yl-amino)cyclohexylamino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol as its TFA salt. LCMS (m/z): 528.3 (MH+), retention time=0.53 min; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 1.08-1.34 (m, 4H) 1.36-1.56 (m, 2H) 1.61 (d, J=12.52 Hz, 2H) 1.70-1.90 (m, 1H) 2.04 (d, J=9.39 Hz, 3H) 2.13 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H) 2.97-3.19 (m, 4H) 3.24 (t, J=10.76 Hz, 3H) 3.64 (d, J=10.96 Hz, 1H) 3.83 (dd, J=10.96, 2.74 Hz, 2H) 4.36-4.50 (m, 2H) 6.54-6.68 (m, 2H) 6.70 (d, J=7.04 Hz, 0H) 6.94 (br. s., 0H) 7.23 (br. s., 0H) 7.53 (br. s., 0H) 8.04 (s, 0H) 8.76 (br. s., 2H) The reaction mixture was concentrated The resulting residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC

Conditions: temp:120.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 1-[1-(3-azetidin-3-yl-5-chloro-2-methoxy-4-methylphenyl)ethyl]-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine dihydrochloride (20 mg, 0.044 mmol, chiral intermediate from peak 1 of Example 1, Step 7), (2R)-2-(trifluoromethyl)oxirane (9.4 μL, 0.11 mmol), and triethylamine (18 μL, 0.13 mmol) in ethanol (0.3 mL) was heated in a microwave at 120° C. for 25 min. The mixture was diluted with MeOH and purified by RP-HPLC (XBridge C18 column, eluting with a gradient of acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% ammonium hydroxide, at flow rate of 30 mL/min) to give 6.2 mg (28%) of the desired product. The product was isolated as a single enantiomer. LCMS calculated for C22H27ClF3N6O2(M+H)+: m/z=499.2; Found: 499.1. purified by RP-HPLC (XBridge C18 column eluting with a gradient of acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% ammonium hydroxide, at flow rate of 30 mL/min)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (1.43 g, 9.17 mmol) in CH3CN (30 ml) was added (R)-(+)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1,2-epoxypropane (10.77 g, 96 mmol) slowly at −10° C. After 5 minutes benzylamine (10 ml, 92 mmol) was added slowly. The mixture was allowed to warm as the bath warmed to rt overnight. The mixture was concentrated. The crude product was subjected to silica gel chromatography (330 g, 0-50% EtOAc/hexanes, 10 minute gradient) to afford (R)-3-(benzylamino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol (4-2, 15.9 g, 79%) as a white solid. LRMS m/z (M+H)+ 220.2 calc. 220.1 found. to warm as the bath The mixture was concentrated was subjected to silica gel chromatography (330 g, 0-50% EtOAc/hexanes, 10 minute gradient)

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a suspension of NaH (390 mg, 8.9 mmol, 55% in mineral oil) in THF (10 mL) at 0° C. was added 4-methoxybenzylalcohol (1.27 g, 8.92 mmol) in THF (5 mL). After 1 h stirring at 0° C. R-(+)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1,2-epoxypropane (500 mg, 4.46 mmol) was added to a 20 mL microwave vial via syringe. The closed vial was heated at 100° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted twice with Et2O. The organic phase was washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated. Chromatography over silica (cyclohexane-EtOAc 95:5 to cyclohexane-EtOAc 75:25) afforded the title compound: ESIMS [M+NH4]+=268; 1H NMR (360 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.29 (d, 2H), 6.94 (d, 2H), 4.56 (s, 2H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.74 (dd, 1H), 3.66 (dd, 1H), 2.88 (d, 1H). The closed vial was heated at 100° C. for 18 h extracted twice with Et2O The organic phase was washed with brine dried over MgSO4 filtered evaporated