4-fluoro-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 6-Fluoro-2-nitrobenzyl cyanide (23.10 g, 0.12 mole) (prepared according to A. Kalir et. al., Synthesis, 1987, 514-515) was dissolved in 10:1 MeOH/H2O (250 mL) and the solution was chilled in an ice water bath. HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min. The solution was allowed to warm up to r.t. and then concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure. THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. and stirring was maintained for 75 min. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine, then dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g). The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite® (Fisher Scientific), and the cake was washed with acetic acid. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL). This mixture was poured into 2:1 sat aq. NaCl/H2O (600 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude residue was triturated with ether to yield 5.8 g (first crop) of pure 1,3-dihydro4-fluoro-2H-indol-2-one. The mother liquor was chromatographed on Silica Gel (230-400 mesh, eluted with 40% ethyl acetate in hexane) to yield an additional 1.6 g of product (overall yield from cyanide: 41%). Kalir et. al., Synthesis, 1987, 514-515) the solution was chilled in an ice water bath HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. was maintained for 75 min The mixture was poured into water extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated under reduced pressure This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g) The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite® (Fisher Scientific) the cake was washed with acetic acid The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL) This mixture was poured into 2:1 extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated The crude residue was triturated with ether

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (2-fluoro-6-nitrophenyl)acetic acid (3.3 g, 16.6 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid (20 mL) and hydrogenated over palladium on carbon (10%, 0.5 g) at 50 psi for 24 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration through the Celite® reagent, which was washed with methanol, and the combined organics were then evaporated. The reaction mixture was then dissolved in ethanol (100 mL), 50 mg of para-toluenesulfonic acid was added, and the mixture heated under reflux for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into water, extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulfate, and evaporated. The solid was triturated with hexane/ethyl acetate (95/5) to give 1.7 g, 67% of 4-fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one: HRMS [M+H]+=152.0515 The catalyst was removed by filtration through the Celite® reagent, which was washed with methanol the combined organics were then evaporated The reaction mixture was then dissolved in ethanol (100 mL) 50 mg of para-toluenesulfonic acid was added the mixture heated under reflux for 1 hour The mixture was poured into water extracted with ethyl acetate dried over magnesium sulfate evaporated The solid was triturated with hexane/ethyl acetate (95/5)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (2-fluoro-6-nitrophenyl)acetic acid (3.3 g, 16.6 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid (20 mL) and hydrogenated over palladium on carbon (10%, 0.5 g) at 50 psi for 24 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration through the Celite® reagent, which was washed with methanol, and the combined organics were then evaporated. The reaction mixture was then dissolved in ethanol (100 mL), 50 mg of para-toluenesulfonic acid was added, and the mixture heated under reflux for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into water, extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulfate, and evaporated. The solid was triturated with hexane/ethyl acetate (95/5) to give 1.7 g, 67% of 4-fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one: HRMS [M+H]+=152.0515 The catalyst was removed by filtration through the Celite® reagent, which was washed with methanol the combined organics were then evaporated The reaction mixture was then dissolved in ethanol (100 mL) 50 mg of para-toluenesulfonic acid was added the mixture heated under reflux for 1 hour The mixture was poured into water extracted with ethyl acetate dried over magnesium sulfate evaporated The solid was triturated with hexane/ethyl acetate (95/5)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (2-fluoro-6-nitrophenyl)acetic acid (3.3 g, 16.6 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid (20 mL) and hydrogenated over palladium on carbon (10%, 0.5 g) at 50 psi for 24 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration through the Celite® reagent, which was washed with methanol, and the combined organics were then evaporated. The reaction mixture was then dissolved in ethanol (100 mL), 50 mg of para-toluenesulfonic acid was added, and the mixture heated under reflux for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into water, extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulfate, and evaporated. The solid was triturated with hexane/ethyl acetate (95/5) to give 1.7 g, 67% of 4-fluoro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one: HRMS [M+H]+=152.0515 The catalyst was removed by filtration through the Celite® reagent, which was washed with methanol the combined organics were then evaporated The reaction mixture was then dissolved in ethanol (100 mL) 50 mg of para-toluenesulfonic acid was added the mixture heated under reflux for 1 hour The mixture was poured into water extracted with ethyl acetate dried over magnesium sulfate evaporated The solid was triturated with hexane/ethyl acetate (95/5)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 6-Fluoro-2-nitrobenzyl cyanide (23.10 g, 0.12 mole) (prepared according to A. Kalir, Synthesis (1987) 514-515) was dissolved in 10:1 MeOH/H2O (250 mL) and the solution was chilled in an ice water bath. HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min. The solution was allowed to warm up to r.t. and then concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure. THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. and stirring was maintained for 75 min. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine, then dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g). The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite®, and the cake was washed with acetic acid. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL). This mixture was poured into 2:1 sat aq. NaCl/H2O (600 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude residue was triturated with ether to afford 5.8 g (first crop) of pure 1,3-dihydro-4-fluoro-2H-indol-2-one. The mother liquor was chromatographed on Silica Gel (230-400 mesh, eluted with 40% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield1.6 g of product (overall yield from cyanide: 41%). Kalir, Synthesis (1987) 514-515) the solution was chilled in an ice water bath HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. was maintained for 75 min The mixture was poured into water extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated under reduced pressure This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g) The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite® the cake was washed with acetic acid The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL) This mixture was poured into 2:1 extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated The crude residue was triturated with ether

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 6-Fluoro-2-nitrobenzyl cyanide (23.10 g, 0.12 mole) (prepared according to A. Kalir, Synthesis (1987) 514-515) was dissolved in 10:1 MeOH/H2O (250 mL) and the solution was chilled in an ice water bath. HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min. The solution was allowed to warm up to r.t. and then concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure. THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. and stirring was maintained for 75 min. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine, then dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under educed pressure. This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g). The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite®, and the cake was washed with acetic acid. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL). This mixture was poured into 2:1 sat aq. NaCl/H2O (600 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude residue was triturated with ether to afford 5.8 g (first crop) of pure 1,3-dihydro-4-fluoro-2H-indol-2-one. The mother liquor was chromatographed on Silica Gel (230-400 mesh, eluted with 40% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to yield 16 g of product (overall yield from cyanide: 41%). Kalir, Synthesis (1987) 514-515) the solution was chilled in an ice water bath HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. was maintained for 75 min The mixture was poured into water extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated under educed pressure This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g) The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite® the cake was washed with acetic acid The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL) This mixture was poured into 2:1 extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated The crude residue was triturated with ether

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 6-Fluoro-2-nitrobenzyl cyanide (23.10 g, 0.12 mole) (prepared according to A. Kalir et. al., Synthesis, 1987, 514-515) was dissolved in 10:1 MeOH/H2O (250 mL) and the solution was chilled in an ice water bath. HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min. The solution was allowed to warm up to r.t. and then concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure. THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. and stirring was maintained for 75 min. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine, then dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g). The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite® (Fisher Scientific), and the cake was washed with acetic acid. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL). This mixture was poured into 2:1 sat aq. NaCl/H2O (600 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude residue was triturated with ether to yield 5.8 g (first crop) of pure 1,3-dihydro4-fluoro-2H-indol-2-one. The mother liquor was chromatographed on Silica Gel (230-400 mesh, eluted with 40% ethyl acetate in hexane) to yield an additional 1.6 g of product (overall yield from cyanide: 41%). Kalir et. al., Synthesis, 1987, 514-515) the solution was chilled in an ice water bath HBr gas was bubbled into the cold mixture for 75 min concentrated to half its volume under reduced pressure THF (100 mL), water (100 mL) and conc. HCl (6 mL) were successively added at r.t. was maintained for 75 min The mixture was poured into water extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with water, sat. aq. NaHCO3 and brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated under reduced pressure This material (20.9 g) was dissolved in acetic acid (200 mL) and hydrogenated for 2 h in a Parr apparatus at 50 Psi, in the presence of 10% Pd/C (4.33 g) The reaction mixture was filtered through a cake of Celite® (Fisher Scientific) the cake was washed with acetic acid The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure dissolved in MeOH (300 mL) containing 1N NaOH (15 mL) This mixture was poured into 2:1 extracted with ethyl acetate The combined organic layers were washed with brine dried over sodium sulfate concentrated The crude residue was triturated with ether