ZINC hydrate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The humidity-sensitive element in accordance with the present invention is produced in the following manner. First, fine powders of chromic oxide (Cr2O3), zinc oxide (Cr2O3), cupric oxide (CuO), lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and vanadium oxide (V2O5) are used as starting materials. The starting materials were weighed so as to give Cr2O3, ZnO, CuO, Li2O, V2O5 mol ratios of 45%, 45%, 4%, 3% and 3%, respectively. The materials are then wet-mixed for 24 hours in a ball mill. After wet-mixing, the mixture is dried for 12 hours at 120° C. and then calcined at 800° C. The calcined material is pulverized for 24 hours in a ball mill and is dried again for 12 hours at 120° C. to form a powder. Next, 2 wt.% of polyvinyl alcohol is added to the powder as a binder. The mixture is then granulated in a granulating machine. The granulated material is then formed under 500 kg/cm2 of pressure into a disc with a diameter of approximately 8 mm and a thickness of approximately 2 mm to form the body of the element. The disc is then sintered for 2 hours at a temperature of 1300° C. A ruthenium oxide paste is then screen-printed in a lattice-shaped configuration on each surface of the body to form the electrodes. The body is then heated to approximately 700° C. Thus a humidity-sensitive element is formed in accordance with the present invention. The humidity-sensitive element in accordance with the present invention is produced in the following manner

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The reaction product of 0.81 g. of zinc oxide, 9.91 g. of dimethyl-n-octadecyl [3(trimethoxysilyl)propyl] ammonium chloride, 10.0 g. of 28% aqueous ammonia in 100 g. of 2-n-butoxyethanol, after overnight agitation, was diluted with 15.0 g. of additional 2-n-butoxyethanol and gave a clear, homogeneous solution of a zinc ammine siliconate with an Si/Zn ratio of 2.0/1.0. Upon air drying, the solution gave a non-tacky coating which was firm, soft, water-repellent and water-insoluble, but swollen by toluene. was diluted with 15.0 g

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The reaction product of 0.81 g. of zinc oxide, 9.91 g. of dimethyl-n-octadecyl [3(trimethoxysilyl)propyl] ammonium chloride, 10.0 g. of 28% aqueous ammonia in 100 g. of 2-n-butoxyethanol, after overnight agitation, was diluted with 15.0 g. of additional 2-n-butoxyethanol and gave a clear, homogeneous solution of a zinc ammine siliconate with an Si/Zn ratio of 2.0/1.0. Upon air drying, the solution gave a non-tacky coating which was firm, soft, water-repellent and water-insoluble, but swollen by toluene. was diluted with 15.0 g

Conditions: temp:80.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 130 kg of zinc oxide is dispersed in a rotor-stator shear machine with 16 liters of 25% aqueous ammonia in 480 liters of cold water with simultaneous introduction of gaseous carbon dioxide. Simultaneously, 900 kg of molten stearic acid is emulsified at 80° C. in 180 liters of water and to the emulsion there is added 36 liters of 25% aqueous ammonia. Both dispersions are fed at 80° C. through correspondingly adjusted dosing pumps to a rotor-stator shear machine likewise heated to 80° C., so that stoichiometric amounts are reacted per unit of time. From the 130 kg of zinc oxide and 900 kg of stearic acid (saponification number=204) there is formed 1000 kg of zinc stearate. The pasty zinc stearate drawn off from the rotor-stator shear machine has a water content of about 45%. It is fed directly to a flowing air dryer in which it is dried to a water content of 0.2%. The end product is a finely granular, extremely pure, electrolyte-free zinc stearate. are fed at 80° C. through correspondingly adjusted dosing pumps to a rotor-stator shear machine are reacted per unit of time

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Zinc bis[di(n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl)dithiophosphate] was prepared as follows: 358 grams (1 mole) of n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl alcohol was reacted with 56 grams (0.25 mole) of phosphorus pentasulfide in 500 ml of benzene solvent. The reaction took place at 160° F. for a period of two hours. The product, di(n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl) dithiophosphoric acid was then neutralized with 22 grams (0.27 mole) of zinc oxide. The zinc oxide was made into a paste with water before addition of the foregoing acid. The water charged to the zinc oxide totalled 20 ml. The neutralization reaction with the formation of the product salt was permitted to proceed for about 30 minutes with stirring at room temperature, and azeotroped to dryness by refluxing thereafter at a maximum of 180° F. The resulting zinc bis[di(n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl) dithiophosphate] was stripped at 200° F. at a reduced pressure of less tha 1 millimeter mercury (mm Hg.). The yield of zinc salt was 416 grams and was characterized by the following analysis:% zinc: 4.0; calculated: 3.88% phosphorus: found 3.5: calculated: 3.68% sulfur: found 6.7; calculated: 7.6 at 160° F. of two hours The neutralization reaction with the formation of the product salt azeotroped to dryness by refluxing at a maximum of 180° F was stripped at 200° F. at a reduced pressure

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Zinc bis[di(n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl)dithiophosphate] was prepared as follows: 358 grams (1 mole) of n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl alcohol was reacted with 56 grams (0.25 mole) of phosphorus pentasulfide in 500 ml of benzene solvent. The reaction took place at 160° F. for a period of two hours. The product, di(n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl) dithiophosphoric acid was then neutralized with 22 grams (0.27 mole) of zinc oxide. The zinc oxide was made into a paste with water before addition of the foregoing acid. The water charged to the zinc oxide totalled 20 ml. The neutralization reaction with the formation of the product salt was permitted to proceed for about 30 minutes with stirring at room temperature, and azeotroped to dryness by refluxing thereafter at a maximum of 180° F. The resulting zinc bis[di(n-octadecyloxyethoxyethyl) dithiophosphate] was stripped at 200° F. at a reduced pressure of less tha 1 millimeter mercury (mm Hg.). The yield of zinc salt was 416 grams and was characterized by the following analysis:% zinc: 4.0; calculated: 3.88% phosphorus: found 3.5: calculated: 3.68% sulfur: found 6.7; calculated: 7.6 at 160° F. of two hours The neutralization reaction with the formation of the product salt azeotroped to dryness by refluxing at a maximum of 180° F was stripped at 200° F. at a reduced pressure

Conditions: temp:90.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methionine (74.6g, 0.5 mol) was dissolved in a 165 ml of 6.08 N N hydrochloric acid and zinc oxide (40.65g) was added. The mixture was heated at 90° C. for one hour to provide zinc methionine chloride solution. The product contained 19.9% zinc and 44.0% methionine. The presence of zinc methionine chloride was confirmed by quantitative and instrumental analysis. was added

Conditions: temp:90.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Methionine (74.6g, 0.5 mol) was dissolved in a 165 ml of 6.08 N N hydrochloric acid and zinc oxide (40.65g) was added. The mixture was heated at 90° C. for one hour to provide zinc methionine chloride solution. The product contained 19.9% zinc and 44.0% methionine. The presence of zinc methionine chloride was confirmed by quantitative and instrumental analysis. was added

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The procedure of Example 1 was essentially repeated using glycerol (66.67 cm3) and acetic acid (0.064 g; to pH 4.8) but with zinc stearate (16.67 g) instead of zinc oxide. Zinc stearate does not form zinc oxide under the reaction conditions employed. The slurry was heated at 100° C. for 2 hours, centrifuged with 4 washes, and dried at 80° C. to produce a white powder. From analysis using IR spectroscopy it was found that no glycerato complex was obtained.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The procedure of Example 1 was essentially repeated using glycerol (66.67 cm3) and acetic acid (0.064 g; to pH 4.8) but with zinc stearate (16.67 g) instead of zinc oxide. Zinc stearate does not form zinc oxide under the reaction conditions employed. The slurry was heated at 100° C. for 2 hours, centrifuged with 4 washes, and dried at 80° C. to produce a white powder. From analysis using IR spectroscopy it was found that no glycerato complex was obtained.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 100 gram sample of the polymer described in Example 1 was formulated with 50% of the theoretical stoichiometry of a zinc/amine complex prepared as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,308,078 and 4,017,662: 50.3 grams of Zinc Oxide was reacted with 62.7 grams of Ammonium BiCarbonate and 83.4 grams of 28% Ammonium Hydroxide and diluted with 285 grams of DI water to form a 1.28 molal solution of Tetra-ammino Zinc BiCarbonate (8.39% Zinc as metal). 9.89 grams of this solution (12.7 millimoles of Zinc) was added over 30 minutes to the rapidly stirring emulsion, maintained at 22° C. After stirring for 6 hours, the mixture was allowed to stand for 16 hours and sediment was observed. This indicates that a mixture of 50% stoichiometric amount of zinc/amine complex based on polymer acid functionality did not form a shelf stable formulation with this polymer. prepared

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: First, 1030 g of a solution of etidronic acid (206 g as etidronic acid) was heated to 70° C. and 2035 g of a zinc oxide slurry (407 g as zinc oxide) held at 70° C. was added dropwise over about 2 hours with stirring. The mol ratio of zinc oxide to etidronic acid was 5/1. This slurry was stirred at 60° to 70° C. for 5 hours and, then, cooled to room temperature. The slurry was filtered and the dehydrated cake was washed with distilled water 3 to 5 times and, then, subjected to dehydration, drying and pulverization to give a zinc oxide/zinc etidronate composition. held at 70° C. was added dropwise over about 2 hours This slurry was stirred at 60° to 70° C. for 5 hours The slurry was filtered the dehydrated cake was washed with distilled water 3 to 5 times drying