1,2-dibromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1.52 ml of 1.0M lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide/hexane solution were added to THF solution (20 ml) containing 395 mg of N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-ethoxycarbonylpyrazol-3-yl]-N-[(2'-(N-triphenylmethyl-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl))biphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-n-propylamine and 0.18 ml of 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, at room temperature, and then heated under reflux for 30 minutes. 0.60 ml of 1,2-dibromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane was added thereto and heated under reflux for further 30 minutes. 10 ml of ammonium chloride were added to the reaction solution, THF was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the resultant was extracted with 150 ml of dichloromethane. The resulting extract was dried over magnesium sulfate and subjected to silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane--ethyl acetate=2:1) to obtain 363 mg of the intended compound as a pale red, amorphous solid. under reflux for 30 minutes heated under reflux for further 30 minutes was distilled off under reduced pressure the resultant was extracted with 150 ml of dichloromethane The resulting extract was dried over magnesium sulfate

Conditions: temp:35.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 1 liter 5-necked round bottom flask is fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a Dean-Stark trap topped with a nitrogen padded reflux condenser, and a thermocouple attached to a temperature controller. A mixture of DMSO (450 ml), toluene (150 ml), and 1,1,1-tris(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (55.1 g, 0.18 mole) is added to the flask under nitrogen purge. After stirring for 15 minutes under a vigorous nitrogen purge, potassium hydroxide (85% pellets, 80.0 g, 1.2 mole) is slowly added to the reaction flask. The mixture is then stirred at reflux for 48 hours with azeotropic removal of water. The resulting suspension is cooled to 35° C. in an ice bath and 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane (155 g, 0.60 mole) is added at a rate that maintains a temperature of 30°-35° C. When the addition is complete, the mixture is heated to 50° C. with continuous stirring for 3 hours. After filtration, the solvents are removed by heating under vacuum on a rotary evaporator. The brown residue is purified by column chromatography on neutral alumina using hexane as eluent to provide as product 1,1,1-tris(4'-[2"-bromotetrafluoroethoxy]phenyl)ethane (18.3 g, 0.022 mole, 12% yield). A 1 liter 5-necked round bottom flask is fitted with a mechanical stirrer padded reflux condenser is added to the flask under nitrogen purge purge The mixture is then stirred a temperature of 30°-35° C When the addition the mixture is heated to 50° C. with continuous stirring for 3 hours After filtration the solvents are removed by heating under vacuum on a rotary evaporator The brown residue is purified by column chromatography on neutral alumina

Conditions: temp:100.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Into a 2 liter 5-necked round bottom flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer, Dean-Stark trap topped with a nitrogen padded reflux condenser and a thermocouple attached to a temperature controller, are placed DMSO (650 ml) and toluene (200 ml). While the stirrer solution is purged with nitrogen, 9,9-bis(4'-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene (200.0 g, 0.57 mole) is added to the flask. While purging with nitrogen continues, potassium hydroxide (85% pellets, 77.5 g, 1.17 mole) is added all at once, and the mixture is heated to 100° C. with constant stirring. After two hours, the temperature is increased until the solution begins to reflux (130° C.). Water is removed by azeotropic distillation for 24 hours. The Dean-Stark trap is replaced by a Soxhlet extractor containing anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the toluene is refluxed through the Soxhlet for 5 hours. A small amount of toluene (60 ml) is then removed by simple distillation. Then the reactor is cooled to 35° C. Addition of 1,2-dibromotetrafluoroethane (315 g, 1.21 mole) via dropping addition funnel is then maintained at a rate that keeps the reaction temperature at 35°-38° C. When the addition is complete, the mixture is heated at 50° C. for 8 hours, then cooling to room temperature with constant stirring. The mixture is filtered, and the precipitate is washed twice with acetone. The filtrates are combined and evaporated thoroughly. The residue from the evaporation is washed with water to remove residual potassium bromide (KBr). After the residue is air dried for 24 hours, it is purified by column chromatography (on neutral alumina, using hexane eluent) to provide as product, 9,9-bis(4'-[2"-bromotetrafluoroethoxy]phenyl)fluorene (331.4 g, 0.468 mole, 82% yield), melting point 157°-158° C. Into a 2 liter 5-necked round bottom flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer padded reflux condenser is added to the flask While purging with nitrogen the temperature is increased until the solution to reflux (130° C.) Water is removed by azeotropic distillation for 24 hours containing anhydrous sodium sulfate the toluene is refluxed through the Soxhlet for 5 hours A small amount of toluene (60 ml) is then removed by simple distillation Then the reactor is cooled to 35° C addition funnel is then maintained at a rate that at 35°-38° C When the addition the mixture is heated at 50° C. for 8 hours cooling to room temperature with constant stirring The mixture is filtered the precipitate is washed twice with acetone evaporated thoroughly The residue from the evaporation is washed with water to remove residual potassium bromide (KBr) dried for 24 hours it is purified by column chromatography (on neutral alumina, using hexane eluent) to provide as product

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1.52 ml of 1.0M lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide/hexane solution were added to THF solution (20 ml) containing 395 mg of N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-ethoxycarbonylpyrazol-3-yl]-N-[(2'-(N-triphenylmethyl-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl))biphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-n-propylamine and 0.18 ml of 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, at room temperature, and then heated under reflux for 30 minutes. 0.60 ml of 1,2-dibromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane was added thereto and heated under reflux for further 30 minutes. 10 ml of ammonium chloride were added to the reaction solution, THF was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the resultant was extracted with 150 ml of dichloromethane. The resulting extract was dried over magnesium sulfate and subjected to silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane-ethyl acetate=2:1) to obtain 363 mg of the intended compound as a pale red, amorphous solid. under reflux for 30 minutes heated under reflux for further 30 minutes was distilled off under reduced pressure the resultant was extracted with 150 ml of dichloromethane The resulting extract was dried over magnesium sulfate