(E)-octadec-9-enoic acid

Conditions: temp:0.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of elaidic acid (2.0 g, 7.1 mmol), DMAP (86 mg, 0.7 mmol), 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione (1.0 g, 8.4 mmol) and DCC (1.7 g, 8.2 mmol) in dichloromnethane (20 ml) was stirred under N2 at 0° C. for 1 hour and then at ambient temperature for another 5 hours. Additional DCC (41 mg, 0.2 mmol) was added, andthe reaction was stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. Work up followed by flash chromatography (SiO2; carbon tetrachloride-chloroform 1:0, 1:1, 0:1) gave 2.56 g (94%) of the title compound as a yellow waxy solid. at ambient temperature for another 5 hours andthe reaction was stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Surface-active dispersing agents in the form of oxyalkylated esters of unsaturated higher fatty acids are preferred. Oxymethylated and/or oxyethylated esters are especially preferred. In this, case, a glyceride type ester is preferred. This ester can be a mono-, di- and tri-glyceride. The oxyalkylated forms of the esters which can be used in accordance with the invention are obtained, in particular, from esters of unsaturated higher fatty acids which can undergo an oxyalkylation, particularly an oxyethylation. Particularly useful fatty acids are oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid and ricinoleic acid. The oxyethylated glyceride of ricinoleic acid, which can be advantageously used in the form of ethoxylated castor oil is of particular value for the purposes of the present invention. Castor oil consists of 80 to 85% of the glyceride of ricinoleic acid, and in addition the glycerides of oleic (7%), linoleic (3%), palmitic (2%) and stearic (1%) acids. Ethoxylated castor oil is marked by a good solubility in fatty acids, polar solutions and water. The oxyethylated castor oil may be that produced commercially by BASF (trademark: Emulphor EL). This castor oil is a yellow oil, having a freezing point below +20° C., and which is soluble in fatty acids, waxes, castor oil, polar solvents (e.g., trichloroethylene, xylene) and water. are obtained

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Surface-active dispersing agents in the form of oxyalkylated esters of unsaturated higher fatty acids are preferred. Oxymethylated and/or oxyethylated esters are especially preferred. In this, case, a glyceride type ester is preferred. This ester can be a mono-, di- and tri-glyceride. The oxyalkylated forms of the esters which can be used in accordance with the invention are obtained, in particular, from esters of unsaturated higher fatty acids which can undergo an oxyalkylation, particularly an oxyethylation. Particularly useful fatty acids are oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid and ricinoleic acid. The oxyethylated glyceride of ricinoleic acid, which can be advantageously used in the form of ethoxylated castor oil is of particular value for the purposes of the present invention. Castor oil consists of 80 to 85% of the glyceride of ricinoleic acid, and in addition the glycerides of oleic (7%), linoleic (3%), palmitic (2%) and stearic (1%) acids. Ethoxylated castor oil is marked by a good solubility in fatty acids, polar solutions and water. The oxyethylated castor oil may be that produced commercially by BASF (trademark: Emulphor EL). This castor oil is a yellow oil, having a freezing point below +20° C., and which is soluble in fatty acids, waxes, castor oil, polar solvents (e.g., trichloroethylene, xylene) and water. are obtained

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Surface-active dispersing agents in the form of oxyalkylated esters of unsaturated higher fatty acids are preferred. Oxymethylated and/or oxyethylated esters are especially preferred. In this, case, a glyceride type ester is preferred. This ester can be a mono-, di- and tri-glyceride. The oxyalkylated forms of the esters which can be used in accordance with the invention are obtained, in particular, from esters of unsaturated higher fatty acids which can undergo an oxyalkylation, particularly an oxyethylation. Particularly useful fatty acids are oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid and ricinoleic acid. The oxyethylated glyceride of ricinoleic acid, which can be advantageously used in the form of ethoxylated castor oil is of particular value for the purposes of the present invention. Castor oil consists of 80 to 85% of the glyceride of ricinoleic acid, and in addition the glycerides of oleic (7%), linoleic (3%), palmitic (2%) and stearic (1%) acids. Ethoxylated castor oil is marked by a good solubility in fatty acids, polar solutions and water. The oxyethylated castor oil may be that produced commercially by BASF (trademark: Emulphor EL). This castor oil is a yellow oil, having a freezing point below +20° C., and which is soluble in fatty acids, waxes, castor oil, polar solvents (e.g., trichloroethylene, xylene) and water. are obtained

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Oleic acid (5 g, 17.7 mmol) were dissolved in 20 ml dry acetonitrile and the mixture was refluxed for 24 hours. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. the mixture was refluxed for 24 hours The solvent was removed under reduced pressure