nonylbenzene

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:25.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 1 liter flask equipped as in Example 5 was charged with 1.72 moles (200.4 gms) of chlorosulfonic acid, and 0.49 moles (100 gms) of 1-phenylnonane was added to the vigorously stirred chlorosulfonic acid under N2 in 2 hours at 20° C. to 25° C. with cold water bath cooling. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 1/2 hour, then left to stand at room temperature under N2 overnight. The resulting crude sulfonyl chloride mixture was then added to a solution of 0.98 mole of ethylamine and 3.22 mole of NaOH in 275 ml of water in 0.5 hours at 55° C.±2° . The temperature was maintained at 55-°60° for 0.5 hour more with the pH above 10. Working up of the reaction mixture as in Example 5 gave 74.8 gms (49% yield) of amber liquid having a proton NMR spectra in CDCl3 consistent with the desired structure. The acidity of the product was 1.68 meq. per 100 gms. GC analysis showed that it was 98.8 percent sulfonamide (27.1 percent ortho, 5.7 percent meta and 67.2 percent para isomers). A 1 liter flask equipped as in Example 5 cooling left to stand at room temperature under N2 overnight The temperature was maintained at 55-°60° for 0.5 hour more with the pH above 10

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The procedure described in Example 23 is followed using trans-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydride (20.0 g), 1-phenylnonane (200 ml), and anhydrous aluminum chloride (38.1 g). Work-up as described provided trans-2-(4-n-nonylbenzoyl)cyclohexane1-carboxylic acid (28.5 g, m.p. 84°-86° C).

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Adipic acid monomethyl ester (50 g; 0.31 mole) is converted to the acid chloride with thionyl chloride (50 g) in the manner described in Example 1. This product is reacted with nonylbenzene (400 ml) and aluminum chloride (80 g; 0.6 mole) and the product purified in a manner analogous to that described in Example 1 to provide methyl 5-(4-n-nonylbenzoyl)pentanoate (35.2 g). This ester (35 g) is hydrolysed with sodium hydroxide in aqueous ethanol as in Example 1 to give, on recrystallization from aqueous ethanol, 5-(4-n-nonylbenzoyl)pentanoic acid (24 g) as colorless crystals, m.p. 29°-31° C. the product purified in a manner analogous to

Conditions: temp:25.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Oxidative Formylation--Allow a two-phase mixture of trifluoroacetic acid (150 mL) and hexamethylene tetramine (14.0 g, 0.100 mol), and 1-phenyl-n-nonane (20.4 g, 0.100 mol) to stand 18 hrs. at 25° C., and then reflux for 22 hrs. Concentrate the homogenous reaction mixture and pour the residue over ice and H2O (total of 600 mL). Add diethyl ether (200 mL) and stir the mixture vigorously for 30 min. Raise the pH of the mixture to pH 8 with solid Na2CO3, and add diethyl ether (200 mL). Shake the layers and separate. Extract the aqueous phase with diethyl ether. Wash the combined organic solutions with H2O and brine, dry and filter. Evaporate the solvent, and distill the residue to give 4-(n-nonyl)benzaldehyde (57% yield, 13.2 g) b.p. 136°-139° C. at 0.55 mm. Concentrate the homogenous reaction mixture pour the residue over ice and H2O (total of 600 mL) Raise the pH of the mixture to pH 8 with solid Na2CO3 add diethyl ether (200 mL) Shake the layers and separate Extract the aqueous phase with diethyl ether Wash the combined organic solutions with H2O and brine dry filter Evaporate the solvent distill the residue

Conditions: temp:25.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 1 liter flask equipped as in Example 5 was charged with 1.72 moles (200.4 gms) of chlorosulfonic acid, and 0.49 moles (100 gms) of 1-phenylnonane was added to the vigorously stirred chlorosulfonic acid under N2 in 2 hours at 20° C. to 25° C. with cold water bath cooling. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 1/2 hour, then left to stand at room temperature under N2 overnight. The resulting crude sulfonyl chloride mixture was then added to a solution of 0.98 mole of ethylamine and 3.22 mole of NaOH in 275 ml of water in 0.5 hours at 55° C.±2° . The temperature was maintained at 55-°60° for 0.5 hour more with the pH above 10. Working up of the reaction mixture as in Example 5 gave 74.8 gms (49% yield) of amber liquid having a proton NMR spectra in CDCl3 consistent with the desired structure. The acidity of the product was 1.68 meq. per 100 gms. GC analysis showed that it was 98.8 percent sulfonamide (27.1 percent ortho, 5.7 percent meta and 67.2 percent para isomers). A 1 liter flask equipped as in Example 5 cooling left to stand at room temperature under N2 overnight The temperature was maintained at 55-°60° for 0.5 hour more with the pH above 10