(R)-(+)-2-Acetoxysuccinic anhydride

Conditions: temp:45.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of D-malic acid (10 g, 75 mmol, Major Chemicals Co. Ltd. lot #KS00404) in acetyl chloride (30 mL, Aldrich cat #11,418-9) was heated to 45° C. for 6 h. The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was taken up in dichloromethane (10-15 mL). The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the residual oil was stored at 4° C. for 18 h. Under cold storage, the oil crystallized, giving rise to (R)-(+)-2-acetoxysuccinic anhydride (95a) as a white solid (11.7 g, quant yield); m.p. 52° C.; [α]D +23.82° (c 5.44, acetone); 1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.51 (dd, 1H, J 6 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.36 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.00 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 6 Hz), 2.17 (s, 3H); 13C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.61 (+), 167.66 (+), 166.21 (+), 67.51 (−), 35.10 (+), 20.16 (−). The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo The volatiles were removed in vacuo Under cold storage, the oil crystallized

Conditions: temp:45.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of D-malic acid (10 g, 75 mmol, Major Chemicals Co. Ltd. lot #KS00404) in acetyl chloride (30 mL, Aldrich cat #11, 418-9) was heated to 45° C. for 6 h. The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was taken up in dichloromethane (10-15 mL). The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the residual oil was stored at 4° C. for 18 h. Under cold storage, the oil crystallized, giving rise to (R)-(+)-2-acetoxysuccinic anhydride (95a) as a white solid (11.7 g, quant yield); m.p. 52° C.; [α]D+23.82° (c 5.44, acetone); 1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.51 (dd, 1H, J 6 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.36 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.00 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 6 Hz), 2.17 (s, 3H); 13C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.61 (+), 167.66 (+), 166.21 (+), 67.51 (−), 35.10 (+), 20.16 (−). The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo The volatiles were removed in vacuo Under cold storage, the oil crystallized

Conditions: temp:45.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of D-malic acid (10 g, 75 mmol, Major Chemicals Co. Ltd. lot #KS00404) in acetyl chloride (30 mL, Aldrich cat #11, 418-9) was heated to 45° C. for 6 h. The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was taken up in dichloromethane (10-15 mL). The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the residual oil was stored at 4° C. for 18 h. Under cold storage, the oil crystallized, giving rise to (R)-(+)-2-acetoxysuccinic anhydride (95a) as a white solid (11.7 g, quant yield); m.p. 52° C.; [α]D+23.82° (c 5.44, acetone); 1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.51 (dd, 1H, J 6 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.36 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.00 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 6 Hz), 2.17 (s, 3H); 13C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.61 (+), 167.66 (+), 166.21 (+), 67.51 (−), 35.10 (+), 20.16 (−). The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo The volatiles were removed in vacuo Under cold storage, the oil crystallized

Conditions: temp:45.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of D-malic acid (10 g, 75 mmol, Major Chemicals Co. Ltd. lot #KS00404) in acetyl chloride (30 mL, Aldrich cat #11,418-9) was heated to 45° C. for 6 h. The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was taken up in dichloromethane (10-15 mL). The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the residual oil was stored at 4° C. for 18 h. Under cold storage, the oil crystallized, giving rise to (R)-(+)-2-acetoxysuccinic anhydride (95a) as a white solid (11.7 g, quant yield); m.p. 52° C.; [α]D +23.82° (c 5.44, acetone); 1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.51 (dd, 1H, J 6 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.36 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 9 Hz), 3.00 (dd, 1H, J 19 Hz, 6 Hz), 2.17 (s, 3H); 13C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.61 (+), 167.66 (+), 166.21 (+), 67.51 (−), 35.10 (+), 20.16 (−). The excess acetyl chloride was evaporated in vacuo The volatiles were removed in vacuo Under cold storage, the oil crystallized