Methyl (S)-2-hydroxybutyrate

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The papain-catalyzed synthesis of leucine and MHBA co-oligomers was also explored. Synthesis of leucine oligomers and MHBA-leucine co-oligomers was initiated with leucine ethyl ester and MHBA ethyl ester as the substrates. The overall synthesis and purification approach was similar to the one used in the case of methionine and MHBA-methionine. Reaction rates similar to those obtained with methionine and tyrosine were achieved. Approximate oligomer yield was 58%. The freeze-dried oligomers precipitates were solubilized in DMSO. The solution concentration was brought to approximately 2 μg/μl. The solution was mixed with 1:1 acetonitrile:water mixture containing 0.1% acetic acid. The total fluid volume entering the ESI-MS was maintained at 0.2 mL min.−1 The positive mass spectrum of the leucine oligomers is shown in FIG. 33A. The overall synthesis and purification approach Reaction rates similar to

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 10.0 g. 3-(allylamino)hydrocinnamoyl chloride hydrochloride in 200 ml. methylene chloride is added dropwise a solution of 3 g. methyl 2-hydroxybutyrate and 5 g. triethylamine in 100 ml. ether. After 17 hours stirring at room temperature, the precipitate is collected and washed with several portions of ether. The ether solution is washed with water, dried and evaporated to yield 1-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl 3-(allylamino)hydrocinnamate as a white solid. the precipitate is collected washed with several portions of ether The ether solution is washed with water dried evaporated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 10.0 g. 4-[15-(trifluoromethyl)pentadecylamino]benzoyl chloride hydrochloride in 200 ml. methylene chloride is added dropwise a solution of 3 g. methyl α-hydroxybutyrate and 5 g. triethylamine in 100 ml. ether. After 17 hours stirring at room temperature, the precipitate is collected and washed with several portions of ether. The ether solution is washed with water, dried and evaporated to yield the product as a white solid. the precipitate is collected washed with several portions of ether The ether solution is washed with water dried evaporated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 10 g. of 4-hexadecylamino-2-thiophenecarbonyl chloride hydrochloride in 200 ml. methylene chloride is added dropwise a solution of 3 g. methyl α-hydroxybutyrate and 5 g. triethylamine in 100 ml. ether. After 17 hours stirring at room temperature, the precipitate is collected and washed with several protions of ether. The ether solution is washed with water, dried and evaporated to yield 1-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl 4-(hexadecylamino)-2-thiophenecarboxylate as a white solid. the precipitate is collected washed with several protions of ether The ether solution is washed with water dried evaporated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 10.0 g. 4-[14-(trimethylsilyl)tetradecylamino]benzoyl chloride hydrochloride in 200 ml. methylene chloride is added dropwise a solution of 3 g. methyl α-hydroxybutyrate and 5 g. triethylamine in 100 ml. ether. After 17 hours stirring at room temperature, the precipitate is collected and washed with several portions of ether. The ether solution is washed with water, dried and evaporated to yield the product as a white solid. the precipitate is collected washed with several portions of ether The ether solution is washed with water dried evaporated