3,6-dibroMo-1,2-BenzenediaMine

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,4-Dibromonaphthalene (M-16), 2,5-dibromothiophene (M-11), and 9,10-dibromoanthracene (M-18) are available commercially from Acros Organics, a division of Fisher Scientific Co. or Aldrich Chemicals. 5,5′-dibromo-2,2′-bithiophene (M-12) is prepared by bromination of 2,2′-bithiophene, as reported by R. M. Kellogg, A. P. Schaap, and H. Wynberg in Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 34, pp. 343-346 (1969). 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (M-15) is prepared by bromination of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as reported by K. Pilgram, M. Zupan, and R. Skiles in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Vol. 7, pp. 629-633 (1970). 3,6-Dibromo-1,2-phenylenediamine is synthesized from 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as reported for the selenium analog reported by C. W. Bird, G. W. H. Cheeseman, and A. A. Sarsfield in Journal of Chemical Society, pp. 4767-4670 (1963) and was converted to 5,8-dibromo-2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (M-17) as reported in the same reference.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,4-Dibromonaphthalene (M-16), 2,5-dibromothiophene (M-11), and 9,10-dibromoanthracene (M-18) are available commercially from Acros Organics, a division of Fisher Scientific Co. or Aldrich Chemicals. 5,5′-dibromo-2,2′-bithiophene (M-12) is prepared by bromination of 2,2′-bithiophene, as reported by R. M. Kellogg, A. P. Schaap, and H. Wynberg in Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 34, pp. 343-346 (1969). 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (M-15) is prepared by bromination of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as reported by K. Pilgram, M. Zupan, and R. Skiles in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Vol. 7, pp. 629-633 (1970). 3,6-Dibromo-1,2-phenylenediamine is synthesized from 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as reported for the selenium analog reported by C. W. Bird, G. W. H. Cheeseman, and A. A. Sarsfield in Journal of Chemical Society, pp. 4767-4670 (1963) and was converted to 5,8-dibromo-2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (M-17) as reported in the same reference.

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: The detailed preparation procedure is as follows: 3,6-dibromo-o-phenylene diamine (1.0 g, 3.7 mmol) was added to a solution of compound benzil (0.39 g, 1.84 mmol) in acetic acid (20 mL) at 120□, then the mixture was mixed uniformly. After refluxed for 12 hours, the fluid reactant was poured into water, and neutralized with sodium bicarbonate until neutral, then extracted with chloroform and washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, then it was vacuum evaporated to remove the solvent, and the resulting crude product was purified by column chromatography to give a white solid, and then it was purified by recrystallization from chloroform/n-hexane to give a white solid powder. The test result is: MS (EI) m/z: 440(M+). The detailed preparation procedure the mixture was mixed uniformly After refluxed for 12 hours then extracted with chloroform washed with saturated brine dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate evaporated to remove the solvent the resulting crude product was purified by column chromatography to give a white solid it was purified by recrystallization from chloroform/n-hexane to give a white solid powder The test result

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: 1,4-Dibromonaphthalene (M-16), 2,5-dibromothiophene (M-11), and 9,10-dibromoanthracene (M-18) are available commercially from Acros Organics, a division of Fisher Scientific Co. or Aldrich Chemicals. 5,5′-dibromo-2,2′-bithiophene (M-12) is prepared by bromination of 2,2′-bithiophene, as reported by R. M. Kellogg, A. P. Schaap, and H. Wynberg in Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 34, pp. 343-346 (1969). 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (M-15) is prepared by bromination of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as reported by K. Pilgram, M. Zupan, and R. Skiles in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Vol. 7, pp. 629-633 (1970). 3,6-Dibromo-1,2-phenylenediamine is synthesized from 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as reported for the selenium analog reported by C. W. Bird, G. W. H. Cheeseman, and A. A. Sarsfield in Journal of Chemical Society, pp. 4767-4670 (1963) and was converted to 5,8-dibromo-2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (M-17) as reported in the same reference.

Conditions: temp:30.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: NaBH4 (26 g, 680 mmol, 10 equiv) was added portionwise (2 h) to a vigorously stirred suspension of 4,7-dibromo-benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole (Step 179.7) (20 g, 68.0 mmol) in EtOH (400 mL), under a nitrogen atmosphere and keeping the internal temperature below 15° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 30° C., stirred for 1 h, cooled to 5° C., quenched by addition of H2O (50 mL), and concentrated. The residue was diluted with Et2O/H2O. The resulting suspension was filtered and the filtrate extracted with Et2O. The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated in hexane to provide 12 g of the title compound as a white solid: ESI-MS: 263/265/267 [M−H]−; tR=4.20 min (System 1). the internal temperature below 15° C cooled to 5° C. quenched by addition of H2O (50 mL) concentrated The residue was diluted with Et2O/H2O The resulting suspension was filtered the filtrate extracted with Et2O The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine dried (Na2SO4) filtered concentrated The residue was triturated in hexane

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 40% aqueous solution of glyoxal (8.8 M, 6.3 mL, 55.1 mmol, 1.3 equiv) was added to a suspension of 3,6-dibromo-benzene-1,2-diamine (Step 179.6) (11.3 g, 42.4 mmol) in EtOH (280 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 h and allowed to cool to it overnight. Vacuum filtration of the reaction mixture afforded 9.7 g of the title compound as a yellow solid: APCI-MS: 286/288/291 [M−1]−; tR=4.40 min (System 1). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 h to cool to it overnight Vacuum filtration of the reaction mixture

Conditions: temp:105.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 3,5-dimethoxyphenylboronic acid (15.1 g, 82.7 mmol, 1.1 equiv) (Step 1.8) in EtOH (50 mL) was added dropwise to a mixture of 3,6-dibromo-benzene-1,2-diamine (20 g, 75.2 mmol) (Step 1.6), PdCl2(dppf) (6.1 g, 7.5 mmol, 0.1 equiv), Na2CO3 (2 M solution in H2O, 150 mL, 300.8 mmol, 4 equiv) in toluene (300 mL) at 105° C., under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred at 105° C. for 3 h, allowed to cool to rt, diluted with EtOAc and H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated. The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (DCM) followed by trituration in EtOH to afford 9.2 g of the title compound as a white solid: ES-MS: 323.0/325.0 [M+H]+; tR=4.43 min (System 1); Rf=0.15 (DCM). to cool to rt extracted with EtOAc The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine dried (Na2SO4) filtered concentrated The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (DCM)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 40% aqueous solution of methylglyoxal (6.7 M, 6.3 mL, 112 mmol, 1.48 equiv) was added to a suspension of 3,6-dibromo-benzene-1,2-diamine (Step 1.6) (20 g, 75.5 mmol) in EtOH (400 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at it and for 0.5 h at reflux, allowed to cool and filtered to afford 7.66 g of the title compound. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue triturated in EtOAc and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Hex/EtOAc, 1:0→9:1) to provide additional 2.15 g of the title compound. The title compound: ESI-MS: 300.9/302.9/304.9 [M+H]+; tR=4.81 min (System 1); TLC: Rf=0.90 (Hex/EtOAc, 1:1). at reflux to cool filtered

Conditions: temp:30.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: NaBH4 (26 g, 680 mmol, 10 equiv) was added portionwise (2 h) to a vigorously stirred suspension of 4,7-dibromo-benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole (Step 1.7) (20 g, 68.0 mmol) in EtOH (400 mL), under a nitrogen atmosphere and keeping the internal temperature below 15° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 30° C., stirred for 1 h, cooled to 5° C., quenched by addition of H2O (50 mL), and concentrated. The residue was diluted with Et2O/H2O. The resulting suspension was filtered and the filtrate extracted with Et2O. The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated in hexane to provide 12 g of the title compound as a white solid: ESI-MS: 262.9/264.9/266.9 [M−H]−; tR=4.20 min (System 1). the internal temperature below 15° C cooled to 5° C. quenched by addition of H2O (50 mL) concentrated The residue was diluted with Et2O/H2O The resulting suspension was filtered the filtrate extracted with Et2O The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine dried (Na2SO4) filtered concentrated The residue was triturated in hexane

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 40% aqueous solution of glyoxal (8.8 M, 6.3 mL, 55.1 mmol, 1.3 equiv) was added to a suspension of 3,6-dibromo-benzene-1,2-diamine (Step 1.6) (11.3 g, 42.4 mmol) in EtOH (280 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 h and allowed to cool to rt overnight. Vacuum filtration of the reaction mixture afforded 9.7 g of the title compound as a yellow solid: APCI-MS: 286.2/288.1/290.1 [M−1]−; tR=4.40 min (System 1). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 h Vacuum filtration of the reaction mixture

Conditions: temp:30.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: NaBH4 (26 g, 680 mmol, 10 equiv) was added portionwise (2 h) to a vigorously stirred suspension of 4,7-dibromo-benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole (Step 179.7) (20 g, 68.0 mmol) in EtOH (400 mL), under a nitrogen atmosphere and keeping the internal temperature below 15° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 30° C., stirred for 1 h, cooled to 5° C., quenched by addition of H2O (50 mL), and concentrated. The residue was diluted with Et2O/H2O. The resulting suspension was filtered and the filtrate extracted with Et2O. The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated in hexane to provide 12 g of the title compound as a white solid: ESI-MS: 263/265/267 [M−H]−; tR=4.20 min (System 1). the internal temperature below 15° C cooled to 5° C. quenched by addition of H2O (50 mL) concentrated The residue was diluted with Et2O/H2O The resulting suspension was filtered the filtrate extracted with Et2O The organic phase was washed with H2O and brine dried (Na2SO4) filtered concentrated The residue was triturated in hexane

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A 40% aqueous solution of glyoxal (8.8 M, 6.3 mL, 55.1 mmol, 1.3 equiv) was added to a suspension of 3,6-dibromo-benzene-1,2-diamine (Step 179.6) (11.3 g, 42.4 mmol) in EtOH (280 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 h and allowed to cool to it overnight. Vacuum filtration of the reaction mixture afforded 9.7 g of the title compound as a yellow solid: APCI-MS: 286/288/291 [M−1]−; tR=4.40 min (System 1). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 h to cool to it overnight Vacuum filtration of the reaction mixture