1-Isopropoxycyclohexene

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:

Conditions: temp:60.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a mixture at room temperature containing 196.32 grams (2 mol) of cyclohexanone, 390.4 grams (2.06 mol) of triisopropyl orthoformate and 12.00 grams of isopropanol (0.2 mol), was added 7.6 grams (0.055 mol) of sodium hydrogensulfate monohydrate. The reaction was exothermic and upon addition of the catalyst, the temperature of the reaction mixture rose to 35° C., and was heated and maintained at 60° C. for 1 hour. The progress of the reaction was monitored by GC until the cyclohexanone content dropped to less than 2%. The isopropanol and isopropyl formate were distilled off under reduced pressure until the reaction mixture's temperature reached a maximum of 100° C. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered to remove sodium hydrogensulfate monohydrate (recovered). The pH value of the filtrate was adjusted to about 7˜8 by adding 0.8 gram of potassium iso-propoxide. The mixture was then heated under reduced pressure to remove unreacted cyclohexanone. The product, 1-isopropoxy-1-cyclohexene was isolated by distillation as a clear liquid; the yield was 81.7% with a purity exceeding 98%. The reaction was exothermic and upon addition of the catalyst rose to 35° C. was heated dropped to less than 2% The isopropanol and isopropyl formate were distilled off under reduced pressure until the reaction mixture's temperature a maximum of 100° C The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature filtered to remove sodium hydrogensulfate monohydrate (recovered) by adding 0.8 gram of potassium iso-propoxide The mixture was then heated under reduced pressure to remove unreacted cyclohexanone

Conditions: temp:5.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 190.3 g (1 mol) triisopropyl orthoformate, 98.15 g (1 mol) of cyclohexanone and 6.00 g (0.10 mol) of isopropanol was placed in a three-neck round bottom flask and cooled to about 5° C. in an ice bath. The mixture was stirred and 0.4 g (2 mmol) of reagent grade iron (III) chloride was added. Upon addition of the FeCl3 catalyst, the temperature of the mixture rose to about 15-20° C., indicating that the reaction was proceeding. The mixture was stirred at 20° C. until gas-chromatographic (“GC”) analysis indicated completion of the reaction. The by-products isopropyl formate and isopropanol were removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The remaining residue was subsequently distilled to provide 1-isopropoxy-1-cyclohexene (bp 34° C. @3 mm Hg) as a colorless liquid; the yield was 92% with a purity exceeding 99%. was placed in a three-neck round bottom flask rose to about 15-20° C. The mixture was stirred at 20° C. until gas-chromatographic (“GC”) analysis completion of the reaction The by-products isopropyl formate and isopropanol were removed by distillation under reduced pressure The remaining residue was subsequently distilled