(1R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Prepared according to the procedure described in Example 45, Step 3, using the following starting materials: [3-(4-bromo-2-formyl-phenoxy)-phenyl]-acetic acid methyl ester and (R)-(−)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol. Prepared

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Prepared according to the procedure described in Example 45, Step 3, using the following starting materials: [3-(4-bromo-2-formyl-phenoxy)-phenyl]-acetic acid methyl ester and (R)-(−)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol. Prepared

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Following the procedure as described in Example 14, making variations as required to replace oxazol-4-ylmethanamine with (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol to react with 2-(3-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)isonicotinic acid, (R)-2-(3-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)isonicotinamide was obtained as a colorless solid in 49% yield: mp 97-99° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (br s, 1H), 7.39-7.16 (m, 8H), 7.02-6.96 (m, 2H), 5.00 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H), 4.36-4.27 (m, 3H), 4.03-3.87 (m, 3H), 3.46-3.31 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 166.7, 164.0, 160.8, 156.9, 152.6, 148.0, 143.2, 141.9, 131.9, 131.9, 129.9, 129.8, 128.5, 127.8, 125.8, 116.2, 115.9, 115.6, 109.5, 48.1, 47.2, 41.4, 41.0; MS (ES+) m/z 434.7 (M+1).

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Following the procedure as describe in Example 9, making variations as required to replace 2-(3-benzyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid with 4-methyl-2-(2-oxo-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)imidazolidin-1-yl)thiazole-5-carboxylic acid to react with (R)-(−)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol, the title compound was obtained as a white powder in 67% yield: mp 149-151° C. (ethyl acetate/hexanes); 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.38-7.16 (m, 9H), 6.24 (br s, 1H), 4.92-4.89 (m, 1H), 4.44 (s, 2H), 4.28-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.41 (m, 2H), 3.57-3.38 (m, 3H), 2.54 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 163.6, 157.5, 155.4, 152.8, 148.9, 141.7, 134.3, 129.7, 128.5, 127.8, 125.8, 121.4, 117.6, 73.5, 47.8, 47.2, 42.0, 41.7, 17.1; MS (ES+) m/z 521.3 (M+1).

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: Following the procedure as describe in Example 9, making variations as required to replace 2-(3-benzyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid with 4-methyl-2-(2-oxo-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)imidazolidin-1-yl)thiazole-5-carboxylic acid to react with (R)-(−)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol, the title compound was obtained as a white powder in 67% yield: mp 149-151° C. (ethyl acetate/hexanes); 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.38-7.16 (m, 9H), 6.24 (br s, 1H), 4.92-4.89 (m, 1H), 4.44 (s, 2H), 4.28-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.41 (m, 2H), 3.57-3.38 (m, 3H), 2.54 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 163.6, 157.5, 155.4, 152.8, 148.9, 141.7, 134.3, 129.7, 128.5, 127.8, 125.8, 121.4, 117.6, 73.5, 47.8, 47.2, 42.0, 41.7, 17.1; MS (ES+) m/z 521.3 (M+1).

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: (R)-α-(Aminomethyl)benzenemethanol (1.70 g) and bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)carbonate (2.98 g) were dissolved in methanol (20 ml) and triethylamine (4.3 ml) added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 days and then concentrated to leave the sub-title compound as an oil (2.60 g). concentrated

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: n-Butanol (20 ml) was added with the concentrate of the reaction products obtained in the same manner as in Example 296 which contained 1.67 g (7.50 mmol) of 2amino-1-phenylethanol, and 2.11 g (7.50 mmol) of Boc-L-Tyr. The resultant mixture was heated for dissolution, cooled to room temperature and left over night to precipitate crystals. The crystals were isolated by filtration to afford 1.06 g (2.10 mmol) of (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol.Boc-L-Tyr salt. The yield of the compound based on (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol in the concentrate was 56.0%. concentrate of the reaction products obtained in the same manner as in Example 296 which left over night to precipitate crystals The crystals were isolated by filtration

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 4-chloro-2-cyclopropyl-6-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)-pyrimidine (108 mg, 0.364 mmol), (R)-(−)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol (67.2 mg, 0.490 mmol), and NaHCO3 (190.1 mg, 2.26 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane was refluxed for 48 h. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated. The crude residue was purified (FCC) to give the title compound as a white solid (119.4 mg, 82%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H19Cl2N3O, 399.09; m/z found, 400.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CD3OD): 8.13-8.05 (m, 1H), 7.85-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.31 (m, 4H), 7.30-7.23 (m, 1H), 6.68-6.59 (m, 1H), 4.93-4.85 (m, 1H), 3.81-3.65 (m, 1H), 3.56-3.48 (m, 1H), 2.16-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.16-1.09 (m, 2H), 1.02-0.94 (m, 2H). was refluxed for 48 h extracted with CH2Cl2 The organic layer was dried (Na2SO4) concentrated The crude residue was purified (FCC)

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (50 g, 0.34 mol, 1.0 equiv) in CH3CN (1.2 L), was added NaHCO3 (34 g, 0.40 mol, 1.2 equiv) and (R)-(−)-2-amino-1-phenyl-ethanol (48.3 g, 0.35 mol, 1.05 equiv) sequentially. The reaction mixture was stirred at reflux temperature under N2 for 3 hours then cooled to rt. HPLC analysis of the crude reaction mixture indicated that the reaction was complete, to afford the intermediate (1R)-2-[(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-1-phenylethanol. In the same flask, without purification or work-up, was added a solution of K3PO4 (85 g, 0.40 mol, 1.2 equiv) in H2O (750 mL), 3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylboronic acid (79.4 g, 0.35 mol, 1.05 equiv), Pd(dppf)Cl2. CH2Cl2 (2.4 g, 2.9 mmol, 0.009 equiv) and Pd(OAc)2 (68 mg, 0.29 mmol, 0.0009 equiv) sequentially under N2 at rt. The reaction solution was degassed with N2 (3×) and was stirred at reflux temperature for 16 hours then cooled to rt. The layers were separated and the CH3CN phase was dried (MgSO4) and filtered. The filtrate solution was stirred with Si-Thiol (8.8 g, 1.5 mmol/g loading, 4 equiv of Pd added) at rt for 1 hour. Si-Thiol is commercially available through SiliCycle (230-400 mesh, 40-63 μm). The Si-Thiol was removed by filtration and washed with EtOAc. The organics were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was recrystallized from hot EtOH (−250 mL) with stirring to afford the title compound (83 g). Further concentration of the mother liquor followed by a second recrystallization from hot EtOH with stirring provided an additional crop of the title compound (23 g). The combined recrystallized yield of the title compound was 80% (106 g, >99% ee). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C19H15ClF3N3O, 393.1; m/z found, 394.1 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 500 MHz): 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.52-7.28 (m, 5H), 6.74 (s, 1H), 5.42 (brs, 1H), 5.10-4.98 (m, 1H), 3.92 (brs, 1H), 3.70-3.58 (m, 1H). at reflux temperature under N2 for 3 hours HPLC analysis of the crude reaction mixture

Conditions: temp:100.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: To a solution consisting of (R)-(−)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol (4.80 g, 35.0 mmol) in and 1,4-dioxane (150 mL) at rt was added dropwise a solution consisting of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine (5.21 g, 35.0 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (75 mL). Upon complete addition, NaHCO3 (17.6 g, 0.210 mol) was added and the mixture was heated to reflux (100° C.) for 17 h. The reaction mixture was cooled, diluted with water (60 mL) and the pH was adjusted to 12 by the addition of a 1 N NaOH (25 mL). The solution was extracted with CH2Cl2 (75 mL), washed with satd. aq. NaCl (50 mL), and the organic extract was dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated. The crude material (8.2 g) was suspended in CH2Cl2 (40 mL) and warmed to 50° C. to give a homogeneous solution. The solution was cooled to rt and treated with a few drops of hexanes to give the title compound as a pale yellow solid (7.0 g, 81%). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H20F3N3O2, 403.2; m/z found, 404.2 [M+H]+. 1H NMR (CD3OD): 8.44 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.09 (dd, J=8.8, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.34 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.27-7.25 (m, 2H), 6.86 (s, 1H), 4.91-4.88 (m, 1H), 4.21 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.76-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.58 (dd, J=13.7, 7.7 Hz, 1H), 1.45 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H). at rt was added dropwise a solution was added the mixture was heated The reaction mixture was cooled The solution was extracted with CH2Cl2 (75 mL) washed with satd aq. NaCl (50 mL), and the organic extract was dried (Na2SO4) concentrated warmed to 50° C. to give a homogeneous solution The solution was cooled to rt

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: n-Butanol (20 ml) was added with the concentrate of the reaction products obtained in the same manner as in Example 296 which contained 1.67 g (7.50 mmol) of 2-amino-1-phenylethanol, and 2.11 g (7.50 mmol) of Boc-L-Tyr. The resultant mixture was heated for dissolution, cooled to room temperature and left over night to precipitate crystals. The crystals were isolated by filtration to afford 1.06 g (2.10 mmol) of (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol.Boc-L-Tyr salt. The yield of the compound based on (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol in the concentrate was 56.0%. concentrate of the reaction products obtained in the same manner as in Example 296 which left over night to precipitate crystals The crystals were isolated by filtration

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: n-Butanol (20 ml) was added with the concentrate of the reaction products obtained in the same manner as in Example 296 which contained 1.67 g (7.50 mmol) of 2-amino-1-phenylethanol, and 2.11 g (7.50 mmol) of Boc-L-Tyr. The resultant mixture was heated for dissolution, cooled to room temperature and left over night to precipitate crystals. The crystals were isolated by filtration to afford 1.06 g (2.10 mmol) of (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol.Boc-L-Tyr salt. The yield of the compound based on (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol in the concentrate was 56.0%. concentrate of the reaction products obtained in the same manner as in Example 296 which left over night to precipitate crystals The crystals were isolated by filtration