2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzonitrile

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzonitrile (2.95 g, 14.0 mmol) in a mixture of EtOH (21 mL) and 2 M aqueous NaOH (34.9 mL, 69.9 mmol) was heated at reflux overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the ethanol was removed under reduced pressure, and the aqueous residue was diluted with water. After adjustment of the pH to about 5 with concentrated aqueous HCl, the mixture was stirred for 30 min and the precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water. The resulting wet solid was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with brine, dried and concentrated to provide 2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzoic acid as a pale yellow solid (2.92 g, 91% yield). Mass spectrum m/z 212, 214 (M+H)+. was heated at reflux overnight the ethanol was removed under reduced pressure the aqueous residue was diluted with water the precipitate was collected by filtration washed with water The resulting wet solid was dissolved in EtOAc washed with brine dried concentrated

Conditions: temp:90.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 5-bromo-2-iodo-4-methylaniline (5.25 g, 16.8 mmol) and zinc cyanide (0.988 g, 8.41 mmol) in DMF (80 mL) was subjected to three evacuate-fill cycles with nitrogen. The mixture was treated with tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.972 g, 0.841 mmol) and heated at 90° C. overnight. The cooled mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed sequentially with 10% aqueous LiCl (twice) and brine. The aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc, and the combined organic layers were dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (sequentially 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 50%), to give a brown solid. The residue was further purified by trituration with MeOH to give three crops of solid. The filtrate was again purified by column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (5%, then 10%). The resulting solid was combined with the other crops to provide 2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzonitrile as a tan solid (2.95 g, 83% yield). Mass spectrum m/z 211, 213 (M+H)+. evacuate-fill cycles with nitrogen washed sequentially with 10% aqueous LiCl (twice) and brine The aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc the combined organic layers were dried concentrated The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (sequentially 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 50%), to give a brown solid The residue was further purified by trituration with MeOH to give three crops of solid The filtrate was again purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (5%

Conditions: temp:90.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 5-bromo-2-iodo-4-methylaniline (5.25 g, 16.8 mmol) and zinc cyanide (0.988 g, 8.41 mmol) in DMF (80 mL) was subjected to three evacuate-fill cycles with nitrogen. The mixture was treated with tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.972 g, 0.841 mmol) and heated at 90° C. overnight. The cooled mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed sequentially with 10% aqueous LiCl (twice) and brine. The aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc, and the combined organic layers were dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (sequentially 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 50%), to give a brown solid. The residue was further purified by trituration with MeOH to give three crops of solid. The filtrate was again purified by column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (5%, then 10%). The resulting solid was combined with the other crops to provide 2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzonitrile as a tan solid (2.95 g, 83% yield). Mass spectrum m/z 211, 213 (M+H)+. evacuate-fill cycles with nitrogen washed sequentially with 10% aqueous LiCl (twice) and brine The aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc the combined organic layers were dried concentrated The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (sequentially 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 50%), to give a brown solid The residue was further purified by trituration with MeOH to give three crops of solid The filtrate was again purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (5%

Conditions: temp:0.00; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzonitrile (2.95 g, 14.0 mmol) in a mixture of EtOH (21 mL) and 2 M aqueous NaOH (34.9 mL, 69.9 mmol) was heated at reflux overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the ethanol was removed under reduced pressure, and the aqueous residue was diluted with water. After adjustment of the pH to about 5 with concentrated aqueous HCl, the mixture was stirred for 30 min and the precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water. The resulting wet solid was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with brine, dried and concentrated to provide 2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzoic acid as a pale yellow solid (2.92 g, 91% yield). Mass spectrum m/z 212, 214 (M+H)+. was heated at reflux overnight the ethanol was removed under reduced pressure the aqueous residue was diluted with water the precipitate was collected by filtration washed with water The resulting wet solid was dissolved in EtOAc washed with brine dried concentrated

Conditions: temp:90.01; pressure:0.00; stir:; See reaction.notes.procedure_details.

Procedure: A mixture of 5-bromo-2-iodo-4-methylaniline (5.25 g, 16.8 mmol) and zinc cyanide (0.988 g, 8.41 mmol) in DMF (80 mL) was subjected to three evacuate-fill cycles with nitrogen. The mixture was treated with tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.972 g, 0.841 mmol) and heated at 90° C. overnight. The cooled mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed sequentially with 10% aqueous LiCl (twice) and brine. The aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc, and the combined organic layers were dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (sequentially 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 50%), to give a brown solid. The residue was further purified by trituration with MeOH to give three crops of solid. The filtrate was again purified by column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (5%, then 10%). The resulting solid was combined with the other crops to provide 2-amino-4-bromo-5-methylbenzonitrile as a tan solid (2.95 g, 83% yield). Mass spectrum m/z 211, 213 (M+H)+. evacuate-fill cycles with nitrogen washed sequentially with 10% aqueous LiCl (twice) and brine The aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc the combined organic layers were dried concentrated The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (sequentially 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 50%), to give a brown solid The residue was further purified by trituration with MeOH to give three crops of solid The filtrate was again purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with EtOAc-hexanes (5%